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a, \(M=\frac{x+2}{x+3}-\frac{5}{x^2+x-6}+\frac{1}{2-x}\)
\(=\frac{x+2}{x+3}-\frac{5}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{1}{x-2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\frac{5}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{x+3}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-4-5-x-3}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{x^2-12-x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{x-4}{x-2}\)
c, Đặt \(\frac{x-4}{x-2}=0\Leftrightarrow x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x=4\)( thỏa mãn )
Thử : \(\frac{x-4}{x-2}=\frac{4-4}{4-2}=0\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1\)
\(A=\frac{5x+1}{x^3-1}-\frac{1-2x}{x^2+x+1}-\frac{2}{1-x}\)
\(A=\frac{5x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\frac{\left(1-2x\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{5x+1-x+1+2x^2-2x+2x^2+2x+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{4x^2+4x+4}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{4\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{4}{x-1}\left(x^2+x+1\ne0\right)\)
a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne2\\x\ne3\end{cases}}\)
\(A=\frac{2x-9}{x^2-5x+6}-\frac{x+3}{x-2}-\frac{2x+4}{3-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2x-9}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\frac{x+3}{x-2}+\frac{2\left(x+2\right)}{x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2x-9-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)+2\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2x-9-x^2+9+2x^2-8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{x^2+2x-8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{x+4}{x-3}\)
b) Để \(A\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{7}{x-3}\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{2;4;-4;10\right\}\)
Vậy để \(A\inℤ\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{2;4;-4;10\right\}\)
c) Để \(A=\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}=\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x+20=3x-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+29=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{29}{2}\)
d) Để \(A< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{7}{x-3}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-7}{x-3}< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7< x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>-4\)
e) Để \(A>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{7}{x-3}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-7}{x-3}>1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7>x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x< -4\)
Bài làm
\(P=\frac{x+2}{x+3}-\frac{5}{x^2+x-6}+\frac{1}{2-x}\)
a) ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne-3\\x\ne2\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{x+2}{x+3}-\frac{5}{x^2+3x-2x-6}-\frac{1}{x-2}\)
\(=\frac{x+2}{x+3}-\frac{5}{x\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{1}{x-2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\frac{5}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\frac{x+3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-4}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\frac{5}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\frac{x+3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-4-5-x-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-x-12}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-4x+3x-12}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x-4\right)+3\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{x-4}{x-2}\)
b) x2 - 9 = 0 <=> ( x - 3 )( x + 3 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\left(nhan\right)\\x=-3\left(loai\right)\end{cases}}\)
x = 3 => \(P=\frac{3-4}{3-2}=-1\)
c) \(P=\frac{x-4}{x-2}=\frac{x-2-2}{x-2}=1-\frac{2}{x-2}\)
Để P đạt giá trị nguyên => \(\frac{2}{x-2}\)nguyên
=> \(2⋮x-2\)
=> \(x-2\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
| x-2 | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 |
| x | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0 |
Vậy ...
\(P=\left(\frac{x+1}{x-2}-\frac{2x}{x+2}+\frac{5x+2}{4-x^2}\right):\frac{3x-x^2}{x^2+4x+4}\)
\(P=\frac{x^2+2x+x+2-2x^2+4x-5x-2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\cdot\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{3x-x^2}\)
\(P=\frac{-x^2+2x}{x-2}\cdot\frac{x+2}{x\left(3-x\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{-x\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}\cdot\frac{x+2}{x\left(3-x\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{x+2}{x-3}\)
Để \(|P|=2\) thì \(|\frac{x+2}{x-3}|=2\)\(\left(1\right)\)
\(\text{TH1}:\)\(\frac{x+2}{x-3}\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge-2\\x\ge3\end{cases}}\\\hept{\begin{cases}x\le-2\\x\le3\end{cases}}\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge-2;x\ge3\\x\le-2;x\le3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge3\\x\le-2\end{cases}}}\)
Kêt hợp với đk để P tồn tại: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne0\\x\ne3\\x\ne\pm2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy với đk \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x>3\\x< -2\end{cases}}\)thì \(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2}{x-3}=2\Leftrightarrow x+2=2x-6\Leftrightarrow x=8\left(\text{TMĐK}\right)\)
\(\text{TH2}:\) \(\frac{x+2}{x-3}< 0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x>-2;x< 3\\x< -2;x>3\left(\text{vôlí}\right)\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow-2< x< 3\)
thì \(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2}{x-3}=-2\Leftrightarrow x+2=-2x+6\Leftrightarrow3x=4\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{3}\left(\text{TMĐK}\right)\)
\(\text{Kết luận: Để |P|=2 thì x=8;x=4/3}\)
A = (x^5 + 1)/(x³ + 1) = x² + (1 - x²)/(x³ + 1)
= x² + (1 - x)/(x² - x + 1)
Để A nguyên thì B = (1 - x)/(x² - x + 1) nguyên
=> Bx² + (1 - B)x + (B - 1) = 0
Để có nghiệm thì
∆ = (1 - B)² - 4.B.(B - 1) ≥ 0
<=> 0 ≤ B ≤ 1
Thế vô làm tiếp
dễ hiểu hơn nè
Ta có : để A là số nguyên thì x5 + 1 \(⋮\)x3 + 1
\(\Rightarrow\)x2 ( x3 + 1 ) - ( x2 - 1 ) \(⋮\)x3 + 1
\(\Rightarrow\)( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) \(⋮\)( x + 1 ) ( x2 - x + 1 )
\(\Rightarrow\)x - 1 \(⋮\)x2 - x + 1 ( vì x + 1 khác 0 )
\(\Rightarrow\)x ( x - 1 ) \(⋮\)x2 - x + 1
\(\Rightarrow\)x2 - x \(⋮\)x2 - x + 1
\(\Rightarrow\)( x2 - x + 1 ) - 1 \(⋮\)x2 - x + 1
\(\Rightarrow\)1 \(⋮\)x2 - x + 1
xét 2 trường hợp :
n2 - n + 1 = 1 \(\Rightarrow\)n ( n - 1 ) = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)n = 0 ; n = 1
n2 - n + 1 = -1 \(\Rightarrow\)n2 - n + 2 = 0 ( vô nghiêm )
vậy x = 0 ; x = 1 thì A có giá trị là số nguyên