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Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^3}{y+2z}+\dfrac{y^3}{z+2x}+\dfrac{z^3}{x+2y}=\dfrac{x^4}{xy+2zx}+\dfrac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+2zx+yz+2xy+zx+2yz}=\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
Mà ta lại có: \(xy+yz+zx\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{1^2}{3.1}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Đặt vế trái là P, ta có:
\(P\le\sqrt{3\left(\dfrac{x}{z+3x}+\dfrac{y}{x+3y}+\dfrac{z}{y+3z}\right)}\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng mình: \(\sqrt{3\left(\dfrac{x}{z+3x}+\dfrac{y}{x+3y}+\dfrac{z}{y+3z}\right)}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{z+3x}+\dfrac{y}{x+3y}+\dfrac{z}{y+3z}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x}{z+3x}-1+\dfrac{3y}{x+3y}-\dfrac{3z}{y+3z}-1\le\dfrac{9}{4}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{z}{z+3x}+\dfrac{x}{x+3y}+\dfrac{y}{y+3z}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
BĐT trên đúng do:
\(\dfrac{z}{z+3x}+\dfrac{x}{x+3y}+\dfrac{y}{y+3z}=\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+3zx}+\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+3xy}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+3yz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+xy+yz+zx}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(F=\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(maxF=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
a) \(\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{5x}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{3}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=-\dfrac{2y}{8}=\dfrac{3z}{15}\)
áp dụng dãy tí số = nhau
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=-\dfrac{2y}{8}=\dfrac{3z}{15}=\dfrac{x-2y+3z}{2+8+15}=\dfrac{1200}{15}=80\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=80\Rightarrow x=160\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{y}{4}=80\Rightarrow y=-320\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{z}{5}=80\Rightarrow z=400\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi cho 3 số x;y;z dương
\(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2y^2}{y^2z^2}}=\dfrac{2x}{z}\\ \dfrac{y^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{y^2z^2}{x^2z^2}}=\dfrac{2y}{z}\\ \dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2z^2}{x^2y^2}}=\dfrac{2z}{y}\)
Cộng vế theo vế
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\)
\(\LeftrightarrowĐpcm\)
Cám ơn thầy ạ, tuy nhiên hình như là có sự nhầm lẫn rồi thầy ạ, bài này thầy xem lại đề bài giúp em với ạ
*Làm tắt
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2};x+2y+3z=34\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{2y}{6}=\dfrac{3z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+2y+3z}{5+6+6}=\dfrac{34}{17}=2\)
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=2\Rightarrow x=10;\dfrac{y}{3}=2\Rightarrow y=6;\dfrac{z}{2}=4\Rightarrow z=4\)
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{x+2y+3z}{5+6+6}=\dfrac{34}{17}=2\\ \Rightarrow x=10;y=6;z=4\)