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Chỉ tìm được khi a;b;c dương, còn ko có điều kiện dương thì chịu thua :(
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
1.Ta có: \(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab\)
\(=ac+bc+c^2+ab\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
CMTT \(a+bc=\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(b+ca=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
Từ đó \(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)( theo BĐT AM-GM)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}.3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy /...
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{ab^2-b^2}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\ge a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}\)
\(=a+1-\frac{b\left(a+1\right)}{2}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại:
\(RHS\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+a+b+c}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=1\)
3.
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(4a^2+4ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(2a+b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}\ge2a+b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\le\frac{1}{2a+b}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\le\frac{1}{2b+c};\frac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ca+2a^2}}\le\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}.\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow MaxP=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(a^2-ab+b^2=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\frac{2}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự với 2 số còn lại, cộng theo vế ta được kết quả cần tìm.
Áp dụng Bunhia cho bộ số (1;1;1) vfa (a;b;c) ta có 3(a2+b2+c2) >= (a+b+c)2
=> 3(2a2+b2) >=(2a+b2); 3(2b2+c2) >= (2b+c)2; 3(2c2+a2) >= (2c+a)2
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
Ta có \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\Rightarrow\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left[\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\right]\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(I\right)\)
Ta có \(10\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)=3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+6\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)+2015\)
\(=3\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+2015\left(II\right)\)
Áp dụng Bunhia cho bộ số (1;1;1) và \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Ta được \(3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\ge\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
=> \(10\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\ge10\cdot\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\left(III\right)\)
Từ (I)(II)(III) => \(3\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+2015\ge10\cdot\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\le3\cdot2015\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-3\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\sqrt{3\cdot2015}\left(IV\right)\)
Từ (I)(IV) => \(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{3\cdot2015}=\sqrt{\frac{2015}{3}}\)
Vậy GTNN của P=\(\sqrt{\frac{2015}{3}}\)khi a=b=c và \(7\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)=6\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)+2015\)
=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2015}}\)
Ta có:\(7\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+...\right)=6\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)+2015\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\le\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\le2015\)=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le\sqrt{6045}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2a^2+b^2\right)}}+...\)
Mà \(\left(2+1\right)\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)(bất dẳng thức buniacoxki)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\le\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)
Vậy \(MaxP=\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)khi \(a=b=c=\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{2015}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(b-c\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(c-a\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(c^2+a^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(c^2+a^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(c+a\right)^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{2}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Quen thôi bạn
Ở hầu hết các bài toán có xuất hiện \(\sqrt{a.x^2-b.xy+c.y^2}\) thì đều có thể tách về \(\sqrt{m\left(x-y\right)^2+...}\)