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1.
\(sinx-\sqrt{2}cos3x=\sqrt{3}cosx+\sqrt{2}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx=\sqrt{2}cos3x+\sqrt{2}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}cos3x+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(3x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=3x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-3x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{7\pi}{24}-k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{13\pi}{48}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-\dfrac{7\pi}{24}-k\pi;x=-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{13\pi}{48}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
2.
\(sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx=2sin5\text{}x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=5x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-5x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}-\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\dfrac{2\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}-\dfrac{k\pi}{2};x=\dfrac{2\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\)
1.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(sin^2x+cos^2x-sinx.cosx\right)+sinx.cosx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(1-sinx.cosx\right)-\left(1-sinx.cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx-1\right)\left(1-sinx.cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx+cosx=1\\sinx.cosx=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\\\frac{1}{2}sin2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\sin2x=2\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
2.
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}cosx+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=cos\left(x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=x-\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\2x=\frac{\pi}{3}-x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
3.
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}cosx-3sinx=2sin5x-2sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}cosx-sinx=2sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(\frac{1}{2}sinx-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx\right)=sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin5x=-sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{3}-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x=\frac{\pi}{3}-x+k2\pi\\5x=\frac{2\pi}{3}+x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
1.
\(8sinx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{cosx}+\dfrac{1}{sinx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4sinx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2cosx}+\dfrac{1}{2sinx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4sinx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx}{sin2x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4sinx.sin2x=\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx-2cos3x=\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=2cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pm3x+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}-k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(sinx+\sqrt{3}cosx=\dfrac{1}{cosx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cosx+2\sqrt{3}cos^2x-\sqrt{3}=2-\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x=1-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k2\pi\\2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.1
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-cosx=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5\pi}{12}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{13\pi}{12}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cosx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
b:
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}cosx< >0\\sinx< >0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< >\dfrac{\Omega}{2}+k\Omega\\x\ne k\Omega\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x\ne\dfrac{\Omega}{2}+\dfrac{k\Omega}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{cosx}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{sinx}=2\cdot sin\left(x+\dfrac{\Omega}{3}\right)\)
=>\(\dfrac{sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx}{cosx\cdot sinx}=2\cdot sin\left(x+\dfrac{\Omega}{3}\right)\)
=>\(\dfrac{sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx}{cosx\cdot sinx}=2\cdot\left[sinx\cdot\cos\dfrac{\Omega}{3}+sin\left(\dfrac{\Omega}{3}\right)\cdot cosx\right]\)
=>\(\dfrac{sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx}{cosx\cdot sinx}=2\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot sinx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\cdot cosx\right)\)
=>\(\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{cosx\cdot sinx}-1\right)=0\)
=>\(2\cdot\left(sinx\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{2\cdot sinx\cdot cosx}-1\right)=0\)
=>\(2\cdot sin\left(x+\dfrac{\Omega}{3}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{sin2x}-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\dfrac{\Omega}{3}\right)=0\\\dfrac{2}{sin2x}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\Omega}{3}=k\Omega\\sin2x=2\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x=-\dfrac{\Omega}{3}+k\Omega\)
a,
\(\cos^3x-\sin^3x=\cos x+\sin x\\ < =>\cos^3x-\cos x=\sin^3x-\sin x\\ < =>\cos x\left(\cos^2x-1\right)=\sin x\left(\sin^2x-1\right)\\ < =>\cos x.\left(-\sin^2x\right)=\sin x.\left(-\cos^2x\right)\\ < =>\dfrac{1}{cosx}=\dfrac{1}{sinx}\)
b,
\(2sinx+2\sqrt{3}cosx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{cosx}+\dfrac{1}{sinx}\\ < =>2sinx-\dfrac{1}{sinx}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{cosx}-2\sqrt{3}cosx\\ < =>\dfrac{2sin^2x-1}{sinx}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}.cosx.\left(1-2cos^2x\right)}{cosx}\\ < =>\dfrac{cos2x}{sinx}=\sqrt{3}.cos2x\\ < =>\dfrac{1}{sinx}=\sqrt{3}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{3}\sin x+\cos x=a\)
Theo đề, ta có: \(a=3+\dfrac{1}{a+1}=\dfrac{3a+3+1}{a+1}=\dfrac{3a+4}{a+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a-3a-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1+\sqrt{5}\\a=1-\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(a=1+\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}\sin x+\cos x=\sqrt{5}+1\)(1)
Vì \(3+1=4< 6+2\sqrt{5}\)
nên (1) vô nghiệm
TH2: \(a=1-\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}\sin x+1\cos x=1-\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sin\left(x+\dfrac{\Pi}{6}\right)=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\Pi}{6}=arcsin\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)+k2\Pi\\x+\dfrac{\Pi}{6}=\Pi-arcsin\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)+k2\Pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=arcsin\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)+k2\Pi-\dfrac{\Pi}{6}\\x=-arcsin\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)+\dfrac{5}{6}\Pi+k2\Pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: x thuộc góc phần tư thứ nhất của cung lượng giác
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\sqrt{sinx}-1\right)=\sqrt{cosx}\)
Do \(\sqrt{sinx}\le1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT\le0\\VP\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{sinx}=1\\\sqrt{cosx}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)