Technology, general term for the processes by (1) _______ human beings fashion tools and machines to increase (2) _______ control and understanding of the material (3) _______. The term is derived from the Greek words tekhnē, which refers to an art or craft, and logia, (4) _______ an area of study; thus, technology means, literally, the study, or science, of crafting.
Many historians of science argue not only that technology is an essential condition of advanced, industrial civilization (5) _______ also that the rate of technological change has developed its (6) _______ momentum in recent centuries. Innovations now (7) _______ to appear at a rate that increases geometrically, (8) _______ respect to geographical limits or political systems. These innovations tend to transform traditional cultural (9) _______, frequently with unexpected social consequences. Thus technology can be conceived as both a creative and a destructive (10) _______.
1/ A. that B. which C. whom D. what
2/ A. the B. its C. their D. his
3/ A. air B. atmosphere C. surroundings D. environment
4/ A. meaning B. saying C. telling D. reading
5/ A. and B. but C. or D. so
6/ A. private B. possessive C. own D. having
7/ A. like B. want C. love D. seem
8/ A. for B. by C. with D. without
9/ A. systems B. networks C. world D. matters
10/ A. work B. task C. process D. assignment
1 B
2 C
3 D
4 A
5 B
6 C
7 D
8 D
9 A
10 C
1/ A. that B. which C. whom D. what
2/ A. the B. its C. their D. his
3/ A. air B. atmosphere C. surroundings D. environment
4/ A. meaning B. saying C. telling D. reading
5/ A. and B. but C. or D. so
6/ A. private B. possessive C. own D. having
7/ A. like B. want C. love D. seem
8/ A. for B. by C. with D. without
9/ A. systems B. networks C. world D. matters
10/ A. work B. task C. process D. assignment