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Bài 2:
ĐKXĐ: $6\geq x\geq \frac{-1}{3}$
PT $\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{3x+1}-4)+(1-\sqrt{6-x})+(3x^2-14x-5)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{3(x-5)}{\sqrt{3x+1}+4}+\frac{x-5}{\sqrt{6-x}+1}+(3x+1)(x-5)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-5)\left[\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+4}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{6-x}+1}+(3x+1)\right]=0$
Với $x$ thuộc đkxđ, dễ thấy biểu thức trong ngoặc vuông $>0$
$\Rightarrow x-5=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=5$
Bài 3:
PT $3x=\sqrt{x^2+12}-\sqrt{x^2+5}+5>0$
$\Rightarrow x>0$
Lại có:
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x^2+12}-4=3(x-2)+(\sqrt{x^2+5}-3)$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2-4}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+4}=3(x-2)+\frac{x^2-4}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+3}$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)\left[\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+4}-3-\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+3}\right]=0$
Với $x>0$, dễ thấy:
$\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+3}+3>\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+4}$ nên biểu thức trong ngoặc vuông âm.
Do đó $x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2$ (tm)
1/ Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{x^2+5x-2}=t\Rightarrow x^2+5x=t^3+2\)
\(t^3+2=2t-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^3-2t+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t+2\right)\left(t^2-2t+2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow t=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{x^2+5x-2}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-2=-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
2/ \(\Leftrightarrow2x+11+3\sqrt[3]{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{x+5}+\sqrt[3]{x+6}\right)=2x+11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{x+5}+\sqrt[3]{x+6}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{x+5}=0\\\sqrt[3]{x+6}=0\\\sqrt[3]{x+5}=-\sqrt[3]{x+6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=-6\\x+5=-x-6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=-6\\x=-\frac{11}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt căn x^2+5x+6=a
=>a^2=x^2+5x+6
PT sẽ là a^2-2-3a+4=0
=>a^2-3a+2=0
=>a=1 hoặc a=2
=>x^2+5x+6=1 hoặc x^2+5x+6=4
=>\(x\in\left\{\dfrac{-5+\sqrt{5}}{2};\dfrac{-5-\sqrt{5}}{2};\dfrac{-5+\sqrt{17}}{2};\dfrac{-5-\sqrt{17}}{2}\right\}\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+5x+2}=2\sqrt{2x^2+5x-6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+5x+2=4\left(2x^2+5x-6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2+15x-26=0\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\sqrt[5]{\frac{16x}{x-1}}=a\)
\(a+\frac{1}{a}=\frac{5}{2}\Leftrightarrow a^2-\frac{5}{2}a+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[5]{\frac{16x}{x-1}}=2\\\sqrt[5]{\frac{16x}{x-1}}=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}16x=32\left(x-1\right)\\16x=\frac{1}{32}\left(x-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-\sqrt{6x^2-12x+7}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{6x^2-12x+7}=a\ge0\Rightarrow x^2-2x=\frac{a^2-7}{6}\)
\(\frac{a^2-7}{6}-a=0\Leftrightarrow a^2-6a-7=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\left(l\right)\\a=7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt{6x^2-12x+7}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2-12x-42=0\)
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+4-\sqrt{x^2+x+4}-2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+x+4}=a>0\)
\(a^2-a-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\left(l\right)\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+x+4}=2\Rightarrow x^2+x=0\)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+\sqrt{3x^2+6x+4}-2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+4}=a>0\Rightarrow x^2+2x=\frac{a^2-4}{3}\)
\(\frac{a^2-4}{3}+a-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-10=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x^2+6x+4}=2\Rightarrow3x^2+6x=0\)
d) \(\sqrt[]{x}>x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\sqrt[]{x}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{x}\left(\sqrt[]{x}-1\right)< 0\left(x\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< x< 1\)
a) \(P\left(x\right):"x^2-5x+4=0"\)
\(x^2-5x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{1;4\right\}\) để \(P\left(x\right):"x^2-5x+4=0"\) đúng
b) \(P\left(x\right):"x^2-5x+6=0"\)
\(x^2-5x+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{2;3\right\}\) để \(P\left(x\right):"x^2-5x+6=0"\) đúng
c) \(P\left(x\right):"x^2-3x=0"\)
\(x^2-3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;3\right\}\) để \(P\left(x\right):"x^2-3x=0"\) đúng
d) \(P\left(x\right):"\sqrt[]{x}>x"\)
\(\sqrt[]{x}>x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\sqrt[]{x}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{x}\left(\sqrt[]{x}-1\right)< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< x< 1\)
Vậy \(x\in\left(0;1\right)\) để \(P\left(x\right):"\sqrt[]{x}>x"\) đúng
e) \(P\left(x\right):"2x+3< 7"\)
\(2x+3< 7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x< 4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x< 2\)
Vậy \(x\in(-\infty;2)\) để \(P\left(x\right):"2x+3< 7"\) đúng
f) \(P\left(x\right):"x^2+x+1>0"\)
\(x^2+x+1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\forall x\in R\) để \(P\left(x\right):"x^2+x+1>0"\) đúng