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\(E=\)( ghi đề vào đây )
\(E=\sqrt[3]{4+\frac{5}{3}.\frac{\sqrt{31}}{\sqrt{3}}}+\sqrt[3]{4-\frac{5}{3}.\frac{\sqrt{31}}{3}}\)
\(E=\sqrt[3]{4+\frac{5\sqrt{31}}{3\sqrt{3}}}+\sqrt[3]{4+\frac{5.\sqrt{31}}{3\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(E\approx1\)
\(E^3=4+\frac{5}{3}\sqrt{\frac{31}{3}}+4-\frac{5}{3}\sqrt{\frac{31}{3}}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(16-\frac{25}{9}.\frac{31}{3}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{4+\frac{5}{3}\sqrt{\frac{31}{3}}}+\sqrt[3]{4-\frac{5}{3}\sqrt{\frac{31}{3}}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow E^3=8-7E\)
\(\Leftrightarrow E^3+7E-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(E-1\right)\left(E^2+E+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow E=1\)
a) \(B=\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{9}{\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{9\sqrt{x}+9}{x+3\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{x-9}{\sqrt{x}}:\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\frac{9\sqrt{x}+9}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\sqrt{x}}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{x+6\sqrt{x}+9-9\sqrt{x}-9}\)
\(B=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)^2}{x-3\sqrt{x}}\)
\(B=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b) \(2B=\sqrt{x}+31\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{x}+31\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+6\sqrt{x}+9\right)=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+31\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+12\sqrt{x}+18=x+31\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-19\sqrt{x}+18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-18\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-1=0\\\sqrt{x}-18=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=324\end{matrix}\right.\)( thỏa )
Vậy....
c) \(M=B-\frac{5}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(M=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)^2-5}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(M=\frac{x+6\sqrt{x}+9-5}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(M=\frac{x+6\sqrt{x}+4}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(M=\sqrt{x}+6+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}}\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=a\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si :
\(M=\frac{1}{a}+6+4a\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4a}{a}}+6=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}=4a\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=4\)( thỏa )
Vậy....
Áp dụng BĐT Mincopxki:
\(P\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{81}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{81}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1215}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2\cdot\dfrac{81}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}+\dfrac{1215}{16\cdot\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cách khác :)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki :
\(\left(1+16\right)\left(a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)\ge\left(a+\frac{4}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{17}\cdot\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\ge a+\frac{4}{b}\)
Tương tự : \(\sqrt{17}\cdot\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}\ge b+\frac{4}{c};\sqrt{17}\cdot\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\ge c+\frac{4}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 bất đẳng thức :
\(\sqrt{17}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)+4\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{17}\cdot P\ge a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si:
Xét \(a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\)
\(=16a+\frac{4}{a}+16b+\frac{4}{b}+16c+\frac{4}{c}-15a-15b-15c\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16\cdot4a}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{16\cdot4b}{b}}+2\sqrt{\frac{16\cdot4c}{c}}-15\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=16\cdot3-15\cdot\frac{3}{2}=\frac{51}{2}\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{17}\cdot P\ge\frac{51}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(x=\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}};y=\sqrt{\frac{c}{b}};z=\sqrt{\frac{a}{c}}\) thì \(xyz=1\) và BĐT cần chứng minh là
\(\sqrt{\frac{2}{x^2+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{2}{y^2+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{2}{z^2+1}}\le3\)
Giả sử \(x\le y\le z\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}xy\le1\\z\ge1\end{cases}}\) ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{x^2+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{2}{y^2+1}}\right)^2\le2\left(\frac{2}{x^2+1}+\frac{2}{y^2+1}\right)\)
\(=4\left[1+\frac{1-x^2y^2}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}\right]\)
\(\le4\left[1+\frac{1-x^2y^2}{\left(xy+1\right)^2}\right]=\frac{8}{xy+1}=\frac{8z}{z+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{2}{x^2+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{2}{y^2+1}}\le2\sqrt{\frac{2z}{z+1}}\)
Nên còn phải chứng minh \(2\sqrt{\frac{2z}{z+1}}+\frac{2}{z+1}\le3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+3z-2\sqrt{2z\left(z+1\right)}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2z}-\sqrt{z+1}\right)^2\ge0\)
BĐT cuối đúng hay ta có ĐPCM
a, Chắc xét hàm số tổng quát!
Xét hàm số tổng quát:
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{k}}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\sqrt{k}\left(\dfrac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{k}\left[\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{k}}^2-\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{k+1}}^2\right]\)
\(=\sqrt{k}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)\)
Vì \(\dfrac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k+1}}< 1\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k+1}}< 2\)
Do đó \(\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)< 2.\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\right)\) (1)
Áp dụng điểu (1) ta được:
\(\dfrac{1}{2}< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
...................................
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+....+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Với mọi giá trị của \(n>0\) ta luôn có: \(\sqrt{n+1}>0\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< 2\) (đpcm)
\(a,\frac{\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)}{\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right).\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)}{\sqrt{9-5}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)}{\sqrt{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)}{2}\)