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đk: \(-x^4+3x-1\ge0\)
Có \(-\left(x^4+1\right)\le-2x^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-x^4+3x-1}+\sqrt{2x^2-3x+2}\le\sqrt{3x-2x^2}+\sqrt{2x^2-3x+2}\)
Áp dụng bunhia có: \(\sqrt{3x-2x^2}+\sqrt{2x^2-3x+2}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1\right)\left(3x-2x^{^2}+2x^2-3x+2\right)}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-x^4+3x-1}+\sqrt{2x^2-3x+2}\le2\) (*)
Có: \(x^4-x^2-2x+4=\left(x^4+1\right)-x^2-2x+3\ge2x^2-x^2-2x+3=\left(x-1\right)^2+2\ge2\) (2*)
Từ (*) (2*) dấu = xảy ra khi x=1 (TM)
Vậy x=1
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{3x+1}+\sqrt[3]{2x-9}=\sqrt[3]{x-5}+\sqrt[3]{4x-3}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{3x+1}=a;\sqrt[3]{2x-9}=b;\sqrt[3]{x-5}=c;\sqrt[3]{4x-3}=d\) ta được hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=c+d\\a^3+b^3=c^3+d^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=c+d\\\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=\left(c+d\right)^3-3cd\left(c+d\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b=c+d=0\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b=c+d\ne0\\ab=cd\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^3+b^3=0\\a^3b^3=c^3d^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x-8=0\\\left(3x+1\right)\left(2x-9\right)=\left(4x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x-8=0\\x^2-x-12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
Do vế trái dương nên pt chỉ có nghiệm khi \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\), kết hợp điều kiện \(2x^4-3x^2+1\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge1\)
Khi đó:
\(4x-3=\sqrt{2x^4-3x^2+1}+\sqrt{2x^4-x^2}\ge\sqrt{2x^4-3x^2+1+2x^4-x^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-3\ge\sqrt{4x^4-4x^2+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-3\ge\left|2x^2-1\right|=2x^2-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2-4x+2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(ĐK:x\in R\)
\(\sqrt{x^2+x+4}+\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=\sqrt{2x^2+2x+9}\) (*)
Đặt \(x^2+x+1=a;a\ge0\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x+4=a+3\\2x^2+2x+9=2a+7\end{matrix}\right.\)
(*) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{2a+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{a}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2a+7}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+3+a+2\sqrt{a\left(a+3\right)}=2a+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{a\left(a+3\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a\left(a+3\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+3\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\left(tm\right)\\a=-4\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+1=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \((tm)\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{0;-1\right\}\)
\(\sqrt{5x-1}+\sqrt[3]{9-x}=2x^2+3x-1\)
Đk:....
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x-1}-2+\sqrt[3]{9-x}-2=2x^2+3x-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{5x-1-4}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}+\frac{9-x-8}{\sqrt[3]{9-x}^2+2\sqrt[3]{9-x}+8}=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{5\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}+\frac{-\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt[3]{9-x}^2+2\sqrt[3]{9-x}+8}-\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(\frac{5}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9-x}^2+2\sqrt[3]{9-x}+8}-\left(2x+5\right)\right)=0\)
Dễ thấy: \(\frac{5}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9-x}^2+2\sqrt[3]{9-x}+8}-\left(2x+5\right)< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
ĐKXĐ: \(-\dfrac{1}{3}\le x\le4\)
\(2x+9=4-x+3x+1+2\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(3x+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(3x+1\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4-x\right)\left(3x+1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-11x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{11}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn)