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Mẫu số chung : \(LCM\left(60;120;36;90;72\right)=360\)
Quy đồng mẫu số :
\(\dfrac{360}{360}+\dfrac{-6}{360}+\dfrac{57}{360}< \dfrac{10\cdot x}{360}< \dfrac{232}{360}+\dfrac{295}{360}+\dfrac{-6}{360}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{411}{360}< \dfrac{10\cdot x}{360}< \dfrac{521}{360}\)
Vậy tập hợp các giá trị của x là \(x=\left\{42;43;44;45;46;47;48;49;50;51;52\right\}\)
=>360+57<10x<58x4+59x5
=>417<10x<527
\(\Leftrightarrow10x\in\left\{420;430;440;...;510;520\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{42;43;44;...;51;52\right\}\)
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Giải:
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
Nhận xét:
\(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}< \dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{30}+...+\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}< \dfrac{1}{40}+\dfrac{1}{40}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}< \dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{47}{60}< \dfrac{48}{60}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{4}{5}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có:
\(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}>\dfrac{1}{40}+\dfrac{1}{40}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}>\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}>\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{37}{60}>\dfrac{36}{60}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{3}{5}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{5}< A< \dfrac{4}{5}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{3}{5}< \dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{33}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}< \dfrac{4}{5}\) (Đpcm)
Đặt A=131+132+133+...+159+160A=131+132+133+...+159+160
Ta có:
A=131+132+133+...+159+160A=131+132+133+...+159+160
⇒A=(131+132+...+140)+(141+142+...+150)+(151+152+...+160)⇒A=(131+132+...+140)+(141+142+...+150)+(151+152+...+160)
Nhận xét:
131+132+...+140<130+130+...+130=13131+132+...+140<130+130+...+130=13
141+142+...+150<140+140+...+140=14141+142+...+150<140+140+...+140=14
151+152+...+160<150+150+...+150=15151+152+...+160<150+150+...+150=15
⇒A<13+14+15=4760<4860=45⇒A<13+14+15=4760<4860=45
⇒A<45(1)⇒A<45(1)
Lại có:
131+132+...+140>140+140+...+140=14131+132+...+140>140+140+...+140=14
141+142+...+150>150+150+...+150=15141+142+...+150>150+150+...+150=15
151+152+...+160>160+160+...+160=16151+152+...+160>160+160+...+160=16
⇒A>14+15+16=3760>3660=35⇒A>14+15+16=3760>3660=35
⇒A>35(2)⇒A>35(2)
Từ (1)(1) và (2)(2)
⇒35<A<45⇒35<A<45
Vậy 35<131+132+133+...+159+160<4535<131+132+133+...+159+160<45
Ta có:
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{42}+\dfrac{1}{56}+\dfrac{1}{72}+\dfrac{1}{90}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.7}+\dfrac{1}{7.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)\(\left(\dfrac{4-3}{3.4}+\dfrac{5-4}{4.5}+\dfrac{6-5}{5.6}+\dfrac{7-6}{6.7}+\dfrac{8-7}{7.8}+\dfrac{9-8}{8.9}+\dfrac{10-9}{9.10}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)\(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{30}-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(x=\dfrac{7}{30}-\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(x=\dfrac{41}{40}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{42}+\dfrac{1}{56}+\dfrac{1}{72}+\dfrac{1}{90}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.7}+\dfrac{1}{7.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{7}{30}-x=\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{30}-\dfrac{-19}{24}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{41}{40}\)
a) \(-\dfrac{5}{14}=-\dfrac{5.3}{14.3}=-\dfrac{15}{42}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{-21}=-\dfrac{1}{21}=-\dfrac{1.2}{21.2}=-\dfrac{2}{42}\)
b) \(\dfrac{17}{60}=\dfrac{17.3}{60.3}=\dfrac{51}{180}\)
\(\dfrac{-5}{18}=\dfrac{-5.10}{18.10}=-\dfrac{50}{180}\)
\(-\dfrac{64}{90}=-\dfrac{64.2}{90.2}=-\dfrac{128}{180}\)
a)-5/14 và 1/-21
-5/14=-5.-21/14.-2=105/-28