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Xét tử số:
\(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{97}+\frac{1}{99}=\left(1+\frac{1}{99}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{97}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{100}{1.99}+\frac{100}{3.97}+...+\frac{10}{49.51}\)
\(=\frac{100}{\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}}\)
Vậy
\(\frac{1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{97}+\frac{1}{99}}{\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}}\)
\(=\frac{100}{\frac{\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}}{\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}}}=100\)
a) Đặt B = \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{97}+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{99}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{97}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{100}{1.99}+\frac{100}{3.97}+...+\frac{100}{49.51}\)
\(=100\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{99.1}\right)\)
Đặt C = \(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{99.1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{99.1}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3.97}+\frac{1}{97.3}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{49.51}+\frac{1}{51.49}\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\frac{1}{1.99}+2\cdot\frac{1}{3.97}+...+2\cdot\frac{1}{49.51}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\right)\)
Thay B và C vào A
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{100\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\right)}{2\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\right)}=\frac{100}{2}=50\)
b) Đặt E = \(\frac{99}{1}+\frac{98}{2}+\frac{97}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(=\left(\frac{98}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{97}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{99}+1\right)+1\)
\(=\frac{100}{2}+\frac{100}{3}+...+\frac{100}{99}+\frac{100}{100}\)
\(=100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
Thay E vào B
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}}{100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)}=\frac{1}{100}\)
\(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=5A-A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
Đặt \(B=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
Khi đó \(4A=B-\frac{99}{5^{100}}< B\)
\(5B=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4B=5B-B=1-\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4\cdot5^{99}}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A < B\Rightarrow4A< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{16}\) ( đpcm )
2. \(M=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(M=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(M=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{1009}\right)\)
\(M=\frac{1}{1010}+\frac{1}{1011}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(M-N\right)^3=0\)
a) \(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2019}}\)
\(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2018}}\)
\(4A=5A-A=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5^{2019}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{4.5^{2019}}< \frac{1}{20}< \frac{1}{2}\)
b) Đề có sai không mà đằng cuối lại là \(\frac{1}{4^2}\)lặp lại lần nữa.
c) \(C=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)
\(2C=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{32}\)
\(3C=2C+C=1-\frac{1}{64}< 1\)
\(C< \frac{1}{3}\)
d) Xem lại đề nữa đi e, nếu trừ hai vế cho \(\frac{1}{3}\)thì vế trái > 0 > vế phải rồi
e) \(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{50}>\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)(10 số hạng)
\(=\frac{10}{50}=\frac{1}{5}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{60}>\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{70}>\frac{1}{7}\)
\(\frac{1}{71}+\frac{1}{72}+...+\frac{1}{80}>\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{80}>\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{533}{840}>\frac{490}{840}=\frac{7}{12}\)
\(x-\frac{37}{45}=\frac{4}{5.9}+\frac{4}{9.13}+.....+\frac{4}{41.45}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{37}{45}=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{13}+...+\frac{1}{41}-\frac{1}{45}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{37}{45}=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{45}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{37}{45}=\frac{8}{45}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{37}{45}+\frac{8}{45}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
Đặt \(B=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{97}+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{99}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{97}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{95}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{100}{99}+\frac{100}{3\times97}+\frac{100}{5\times95}+...+\frac{100}{49\times51}\)
\(=100\left(\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{3\times97}+\frac{1}{5\times95}+...+\frac{1}{49\times51}\right)\)
Đặt \(C=\frac{1}{1\times99}+\frac{1}{3\times97}+\frac{1}{5\times95}+...+\frac{1}{97\times3}+\frac{1}{99\times1}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{3\times97}+\frac{1}{5\times95}+...+\frac{1}{49\times51}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{B}{6}=\frac{100}{2}=50\)
Vậy \(A=50\)