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Nhận xét: \(b^3c-cb^3=0;b^2c-cb^2=0.\).Nên phân thức trở thành:
\(\frac{a^3b-ab^3+c^3a-ca^3}{a^2b-ab^2+c^2a-ca^2}=\frac{a^3\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b^3-c^3\right)}{a^2\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b^2-c^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a\left(b-c\right)\left\{a^2-\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\right\}}{a\left(b-c\right)\left\{a-\left(b+c\right)\right\}}\)
\(=\frac{a^2-\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)}{a-\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2+3bc}{a-\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=a+b+c+\frac{3bc}{a-b-c}\).
Bài 1:
a: Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{CA}{2}=\dfrac{CB}{3}=\dfrac{CA+CB}{2+3}=\dfrac{20}{5}=4\)
Do đó: CA=8cm; CB=12(cm)
b: AC/AB=m/n
nên AB/AC=n/m
=>AB/AC-1=n/m-1
=>CB/CA=(n-m)/m
\(M=\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
Đánh giá đại diện: \(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\frac{1}{b-c}-\frac{1}{b-a}\)
\(\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{1}{c-a}-\frac{1}{c-b}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}+\frac{1}{b-c}-\frac{1}{b-a}+\frac{1}{c-a}-\frac{1}{c-b}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)=2N\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(a^2+ac-b^2-bc=\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(ac-bc\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+c\left(a-b\right)=\)\(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(b^2+ab-c^2-ac=\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(c^2+bc-a^2-ab=\left(c-a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(Q=\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
Vì \(abc=2\)nên ta có:
\(M=\frac{a}{ab+a+2}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{2c}{ac+2c+2}\)
\(=\frac{a}{ab+a+abc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{abc.c}{ac+abc.c+abc}\)
\(=\frac{a}{a\left(b+1+bc\right)}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{abc^2}{ac\left(1+bc+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{bc+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{1+b+bc}{bc+c+1}=1\)