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= \(\sqrt{12-2.2\sqrt{3}.5+25}-\sqrt{12+2.2\sqrt{3}.5+25}\)
= \(\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{3}-5\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{3}+5\right)^2}\)
= \(|2\sqrt{3}-5|-2\sqrt{3}-5\)
=\(5-2\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}-5=-4\sqrt{3}\)
Bài 1 :
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{37-20\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{37+20\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{25-2.5.2\sqrt{3}+12}\)
\(+\sqrt{25+2.5.2\sqrt{3}+12}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(5+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(5-2\sqrt{3}+5+2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=5+5=10\)
Bài 2 :
Với x , y , z > 0 . Ta có :
+ ) \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\left(1\right)\)
+ ) \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\left(2\right)\)
+ ) \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xy+yz+zx}\ge1\left(3\right)\)
Xảy ra đăng thức ở : \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) . Ta có :
\(P=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\left(a+b+c\right)^2.\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}\)
\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\right).\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}\)
Áp dụng các bất đẳng thức (1) , (2) , (3) ta được :
\(P\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).\frac{9}{ab+bc+ca}+2.9\)
\(=\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}\right)+8.\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}+18\)
\(\ge2+8+18=28\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\\ab=bc=ca\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c}\)
\(\sqrt{37-20\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{37+20\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{37-2\sqrt{300}}+\sqrt{37+2\sqrt{300}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{12}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{12}\right)^2}\)
\(=|5-\sqrt{12}|+|5+\sqrt{12}|\)
\(=5-\sqrt{12}+5+\sqrt{12}\)
\(=10\)
\(\sqrt{20}-\sqrt{45}+3\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{72}\)
\(=\sqrt{4.5}-\sqrt{9.5}+3\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{4.18}\)
\(=2\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{5}+3\sqrt{18}+2\sqrt{18}\)
\(=-\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{18}\)
=\(16\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-6\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}\)=\(16\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}-8\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}\)
a) \(2\sqrt{40\sqrt{12}}-2\sqrt{\sqrt{75}}-3\sqrt{5\sqrt{48}}\)
\(=2\sqrt{40.2\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{5.4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\left(2\sqrt{80}-2\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{20}\right).\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\left(8\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}\right).\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}=0\)
b) \(2\sqrt{8\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{20\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\left(4\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}\right).\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\left(4\sqrt{2}-8\sqrt{5}\right).\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\left(\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{5}\right)\)
a/ \(2\sqrt{40\sqrt{12}}-2\sqrt{\sqrt{75}}-3\sqrt{5\sqrt{48}}=2\sqrt{4.2.5\sqrt{4.3}}-2\sqrt{\sqrt{25.3}}-3\sqrt{5\sqrt{16.3}}\)
= \(2.2\sqrt{2.5.2\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{5.4\sqrt{3}}=4.2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-3.2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}\)
= \(\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}\left(8-2-6\right)=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}.0=0\)
b/ \(2\sqrt{8\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{20\sqrt{3}}=2\sqrt{2.4\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{4.5\sqrt{3}}\)
= \(4\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-6\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}=4\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}-8\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(5+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|5-2\sqrt{3}\right|+\left|5+2\sqrt{3}\right|\)
\(=5-2\sqrt{3}+5+2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=10\)