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Bài 1:
- a,(2+xy)^2=4+4xy+x^2y^2
- b,(5-3x)^2=25-30x+9x^2
- d,(5x-1)^3=125x^3 - 75x^2 + 15x^2 - 1
a) Ta có: \(\left(3-xy^2\right)^2-\left(2+xy^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(3-xy^2\right)-\left(2+xy^2\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(3-xy^2\right)+\left(2+xy^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(3-xy^2-2-xy^2\right)\cdot\left(3-xy^2+2+xy^2\right)\)
\(=5\cdot\left(1-2xy^2\right)\)
\(=5-10xy^2\)
b) Ta có: \(9x^2-\left(3x-4\right)^2\)
\(=\left[3x-\left(3x-4\right)\right]\left[3x+\left(3x-4\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(3x-3x+4\right)\cdot\left(3x+3x-4\right)\)
\(=4\cdot\left(6x-4\right)\)
\(=24x-16\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(a-b^2\right)\left(a+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^2-b^4\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(a^2+2a+3\right)\left(a^2+2a-3\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2+2a\right)^2-9\)
\(=a^4+4a^3+4a^2-9\)
e) Ta có: \(\left(x-y+6\right)\left(x+y-6\right)\)
\(=x^2+xy-6x-yx-y^2+6y+6x+6y-36\)
\(=x^2-y^2+12y-36\)
f) Ta có: \(\left(y+2z-3\right)\left(y-2z-3\right)\)
\(=\left(y-3\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\)
\(=y^2-6y+9-4z^2\)
g) Ta có: \(\left(2y-5\right)\left(4y^2+10y+25\right)\)
\(=\left(2y\right)^3-5^3\)
\(=8y^3-125\)
h) Ta có: \(\left(3y+4\right)\left(9y^2-12y+16\right)\)
\(=\left(3y\right)^3+4^3\)
\(=27y^3+64\)
i) Ta có: \(\left(x-3\right)^3+\left(2-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^3-\left(x-2\right)^3\)
\(=x^3-9x^2+27x-27-\left(x^3-6x^2+12x-8\right)\)
\(=x^3-9x^2+27x-27-x^3+6x^2-12x+8\)
\(=-3x^2+15x-19\)
j) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=2y\cdot\left(3x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=6x^2y+2y^3\)
a) Ta có: \(4\left(2-x\right)^2+xy-2y\)
\(=4\left(x-2\right)^2+y\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left[4\left(x-2\right)+y\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(4x-8+y\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(3a^2x-3a^2y+abx-aby\)
\(=3a^2\left(x-y\right)+ab\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3a^2+ab\right)\)
\(=a\left(x-y\right)\left(3a+b\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(x\left(x-y\right)^3-y\left(y-x\right)^2-y^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)^3-y\left(x-y\right)^2-y^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(x-y\right)^2-y\left(x-y\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-yx+y^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3-2x^2y+xy^2-xy\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(2ax^3+6ax^2+6ax+18a\)
\(=2ax^2\left(x+3\right)+6a\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(2ax^3+6a\right)\)
\(=2a\left(x+3\right)\left(x^3+3\right)\)
e) Ta có: \(x^2y-xy^2-3x+3y\)
\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-3\right)\)
Bài 1:
b: =x^2-10x+x-10
=(x-10)(x+1)
c: \(=2x^2-5x+2x-5=\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d: \(=3x^2+5x-3x-5=\left(3x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
e: \(=\left(2x+y\right)^3\)
bài 1
a, \(x^2+9y^2-6xy=\left(x-3y\right)^2\)
thay x = 19 , y = 3 vào biểu thức trên ta có
\(\left(19-3.3\right)^2=100\)
b, \(x^3-6x^2y+12xy^2-8y^3=\left(x-2y\right)^3\)
thay x = 12 và y = -4 vào biểu thức trên ta có
\(\left(12-2.\left(-4\right)\right)^3=8000\)
bài 4
a, \(x\left(4x^2-1\right)=0\)
=> \(x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-1=0\\2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(x^3-x^2-x+1=0\)
=> \(x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x^2-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(2x^2-5x-7=0\)
=> \(2x^2-7x+2x-7=0\)
=> \(2x\left(x+1\right)-7\left(x+1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-7\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\2x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2: Rút gọn biểu thức:
a) \(3\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=3x^2-6xy+3y^2-2x^2+4xy+2y^2-x^2+y^2\)
\(=2y^2-2xy\)
b)\(2\left(2x+5\right)^2-3\left(4x+1\right)\left(1-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(2x+5\right)^2-3\left(1+4x\right)\left(1-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(4x^2+20x+25\right)-3\left(1-16x^2\right)\)
\(=8x^2+40x+50-3+48x^2\)
\(=56x^2+40x+47\)