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1) a) \(\left(a-b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(a-b-a-b\right)\left(a-b+a+b\right)\)
\(=-2b\left(2a\right)=-4ab\)
b) ta có : \(\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b-a\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b-a\right)-\left(b-a\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+2b\right)^2\)
2) ta có : \(\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(-\left(b-a\right)\right)^2=\left(b-a\right)^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
3) \(\left(a-b\right)^4=\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^4-2a^3b+a^2b^2-2a^3b+4a^2b^2-2ab^3+b^2a^2-2ab^3+b^4\)
\(=a^4-4a^3b+6a^2b^2-4ab^3+b^4\)
a) Điều kiện : \(a\ne-b;b\ne1;a\ne-1\)
\(P=\frac{a^2\left(1+a\right)-b^2\left(1-b\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^3+a^2+b^3-b^2-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2+a-b-a^2b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^2+b^2-a^2b^2+a-b-ab}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^2\left(1-b^2\right)-\left(1-b^2\right)+a\left(1-b\right)+\left(1-b\right)}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(1-b\right)\left(a^2+a^2b-1-b+a+1\right)}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^2+a^2b+a-b}{1+a}\)
\(P=\frac{a\left(a+1\right)+b\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)}{1+a}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+1\right)\left(a+ab-b\right)}{1+a}\)
P = a + ab - b
b)
P = 3
<=> a + ab - b = 3
<=> a(b+1) - (b+1) +1 - 3 = 0
<=> (b+1)(a-1) = 2
Ta có bảng sau với a, b nguyên
| b+1 | 1 | 2 | -1 | -2 |
| a-1 | 2 | 1 | -2 | -1 |
| b | 0 | 1 | -2 | -3 |
| a | 3 | 2 | -1 | 0 |
| so với đk | loại | loại |
Vậy (a;b) \(\in\){ (3; 0) ; (0; -3)}
Bài giải:
a) (a + b)2 – (a – b)2 = (a2 + 2ab + b2) – (a2 – 2ab + b2)
= a2 + 2ab + b2 – a2 + 2ab - b2 = 4ab
Hoặc (a + b)2 – (a – b)2 = [(a + b) + (a – b)][(a + b) – (a – b)]
= (a + b + a – b)(a + b – a + b)
= 2a . 2b = 4ab
b) (a + b)3 – (a – b)3 – 2b3
= (a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3) – (a3 – 3a2b + 3ab2 – b3) – 2b3
= a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 – a3 + 3a2b - 3ab2 + b3 – 2b3
= 6a2b
Hoặc (a + b)3 – (a – b)3 – 2b3 = [(a + b)3 – (a – b)3] – 2b3
= [(a + b) – (a – b)][(a + b)2 + (a + b)(a – b) + (a – b)2] – 2b3
= (a + b – a + b)(a2 + 2ab + b2 + a2 – b2 + a2 – 2ab + b2) – 2b3
= 2b . (3a2 + b2) – 2b3 = 6a2b + 2b3 – 2b3 = 6a2b
c) (x + y + z)2 – 2(x + y + z)(x + y) + (x + y)2
= x2 + y2 + z2+ 2xy + 2yz + 2xz – 2(x2 + xy + yx + y2 + zx + zy) + x2 + 2xy + y2
= 2x2 + 2y2 + z2 + 4xy + 2yz + 2xz – 2x2 – 4xy – 2y2 – 2xz – 2yz = z2
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopkxy:
\((2a^2+b^2)(2a^2+c^2)=(a^2+a^2+b^2)(a^2+c^2+a^2)\geq (a^2+ac+ab)^2\)
\(=[a(a+b+c)]^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^3}{(2a^2+b^2)(2a^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{a^3}{[a(a+b+c)]^2}=\frac{a}{(a+b+c)^2}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế thu được:
\(\sum \frac{a^3}{(2a^2+b^2)(2a^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{(a+b+c)^2}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
a/ \(A=\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=2\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=3^{128}-1\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^{128}-1}{2}\)
1)
\(\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b-a\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a^2+2a.2b+\left(2b\right)^2\right)+\left(b^2-2ba+a^2\right)-\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^2+4ab+4b^2+b^2-2ab+a^2-a^2+2ab-b^2\)
\(=a^2+4ab+4b^2\)