Question

[Lê Quỳnh Anh]

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.

For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a refuge from the often harsh environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.

One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide—a key pollutant—and emit oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect.

Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.

Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to replace carbon dioxide in the air with nourishing oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete radiate so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city dwellers, saving them money and making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental investment

Based on the information in paragraph 3, which of the following best describes the main difference between parks and rooftop gardens?

A. Parks absorb heat while rooftop gardens do not

B. Parks require much space while rooftop gardens do not

C. Parks are expensive to create while rooftop gardens are not

D. Parks are public while rooftop gardens are private

Answer 1

[Dương Hoàn Anh]

Đáp án B

Thông tin: Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment… Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land.

Dịch nghĩa: Thật không may, nhiều thành phố không thể dễ dàng tạo ra nhiều công viên hơn vì hầu hết đất đai đã được sử dụng cho các tòa nhà, đường giao thông, bãi đậu xe, và các bộ phận quan trọng khác trong môi trường đô thị ... Khu vườn thượng cung cấp nhiều lợi ích như không gian công viên và vườn đô thị khác, nhưng mà không chiếm phần đất rất cần thiết.

Phương án B. Parks require much space while rooftop gardens do not = Công viên đòi hỏi nhiều không gian trong khi các khu vườn trên mái nhà thì không, là phương án chính xác nhất.

          A. Parks absorb heat while rooftop gardens do not = Công viên hấp thụ nhiệt trong khi các khu vườn trên mái nhà thì không.

“In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete radiate so quickly” = Vào mùa đông, các khu vườn giúp giữ nhiệt mà các vật liệu như gạch và bê tông tỏa một cách nhanh chóng.

Như vậy các khu vườn thượng cũng hấp thụ nhiệt như các công viên.

          C. Parks are expensive to create while rooftop gardens are not. = Công viên là đắt tiền để tạo ra trong khi các khu vườn trên mái nhà thì không.         

“Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work” = Một số khu vườn trên mái nhà là rất phức tạp và đòi hỏi kỹ thuật phức tạp, nhưng cái người khác là những khu vườn chứa đơn giản mà ai cũng có thể tạo ra với sự đầu tư của một vài trăm đô la và một vài giờ làm việc.

Như vậy cũng có những khu vườn sân thượng tốn nhiều tiền của và công sức để tạo ra.

          D. Parks are public while rooftop gardens are private = Công viên là công cộng, trong khi các khu vườn trên mái nhà là tư nhân.

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