Question

[Lê Quỳnh Anh]

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

          Psychologist have debated a long time about whether a child’s upbringing can give it the ability to do outstandingly well. Some think that it is impossible to develop genius and say that it is simply something a person is born with. Others, however , argue that the potential for great achievement can be develop. The truth lies somewhere between these two extremes. It seems very obvious that being born with the right qualities from gifted parents will increase a child’s ability to do well. However, this ability will be fully realized only with the right upbringing and opportunities. As one psychologist says, “ To have a fast car, you need both a good engine and fuel.’’ Scientists have recently assessed intelligence, achievement, and ability in 50 sets of identical twins that were separated shortly birth and brought up by different parents. They found that achievement was based on intelligence, and later influenced by the child’s environment. One case involving very intelligent twins was quoted. One of the twins received a normal upbringing, and performed well. The other twin, however, was brought up by extremely supportive parents and given every possible opportunity to develop its abilities. That twin, thought starting out with the same degree of intelligence as the other, performed even better. This case reflects the general principle of intelligence and ability. The more favorable the environment, the more a child’s intelligence and ability are developed.

          However, there is no link between intelligence and socioeconomic level of a child’s family. In other words, it does not matter how poor or how rich a family is , as this does not affect the intelligence. Gifted people can not be created by supportive parents, but they can be developed by them. One professor of music said that outstanding musicians usually started two or three years earlier than ordinary performers, often because their parents had recognized their ability. These musicians then needed at least ten years’ hard work and training in order to reach the level they were capable of attaining. People who want to have very gifted children are given the following advice:

          - Marry an intelligent person.

          - Allow children to follow their own interests rather than the interests of the parents.

          - Start a child’s education early but avoid pushing the child too hard.

          - Encourage children to play; for example, playing with musical instrument is essential for a child who wants to become an outstanding musician.

Scientists chose twins for their study because         

A. each twin has the same environment as his/her twin

B. they are born into the same family, hence the same upbringing

C. they have the same economic background and hence the same opportunities

D. they have the same genetic background, usually with similar intelligence

Answer 1

[Dương Hoàn Anh]

Đáp án D

Các nhà khoa học chọn trẻ sinh đôi để nghiên cứu bởi vì.................

A.mỗi trẻ sinh đôi có môi trường giáo dục giống với trẻ sinh đôi còn lại

B. chúng được sinh ra trong cùng 1 gia đình vì vậy được nuôi dạy như nhau

C. chúng có cùng điều kiện kinh tế và vì vậy có cơ hội như nhau

D. chúng có cùng nguồn gen và thường thông minh như nhau.

Dẫn chứng: Scientists have recently assessed intelligence, achievement, and ability in 50 sets of identical twins that were separated shortly birth and brought up by different parents. They found that achievement was based on intelligence, and later influenced by the child’s environment.

[ Các nhà khoa học gần đây nghiên đánh giá sự thông minh, thành tựu và khả năng trong 50 cặp trẻ sinh đôi được xác thực chúng đã bị cách ly khỏi bố mẹ ngay sau khi mới sinh và được nuôi dưỡng bởi những bố mẹ khác nhau. Họ phát hiện ra rằng thành tựu được dựa trên sự thông minh, và sau đó bị ảnh hưởng bởi môi trường nuôi dạy của đứa trẻ đó.]