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\(P=\frac{x^2-2x+1989}{x^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Px^2=x^2-2x+1989\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(1-P\right)-2x+1989=0\)
\(\Delta=4-4\left(1-P\right)1989\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{1988}{1989}\)có GTNN là \(\frac{1988}{1989}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1989\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\frac{1988}{1989}\) tại x = 1989
\(D=x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y+3\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+4y^2+4y+1+2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\\\left(2y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(2y+1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(D_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\right]\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x^2-x+6x-6\right)\left(x^2+2x+3x+6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\forall x\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy GTNN của A là : \(-36\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Q=3xy\left(x+3y\right)-2xy\left(x+4y\right)-x^2\left(y-1\right)+y^2\left(1-x\right)+36\)\(\Leftrightarrow Q=3x^2y+9xy^2-2x^2y-8xy^2-x^2y+x^2+y^2-xy^2+36\)\(\Leftrightarrow Q=\left(3x^2y-2x^2y-x^2y\right)+\left(9xy^2-8xy^2-xy^2\right)+x^2+y^2+36\)\(\Leftrightarrow Q=x^2+y^2+36\ge36\forall x;y\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=0\\y^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy Min Q là : \(36\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)