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e)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
=> ĐPCM
\(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\)(1)
⇔\(a^2+2\left|ab\right|+b^2\ge a^2+2ab+b^2\)(vì 2 vế của (1) không âm )
⇔\(2\left|ab\right|\ge2ab\)
⇔\(\left|ab\right|\ge ab\) (luôn đúng )
=> đpcm
Tiện tay chém trước vài bài dễ.
Bài 1:
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{\frac{a+b+c}{2}}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Nhưng dấu bằng không xảy ra nên ta có đpcm. (tui dùng cái kí hiệu tổng cho nó gọn thôi nha!)
Bài 2:
1) Thấy nó sao sao nên để tối nghĩ luôn
2)
c) \(VT=\left(a-b+1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 0; b = 1
\(1,VT=2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)
Ta có \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(b^3+c^3\ge bc\left(b+c\right)\)
\(c^3+a^3\ge ca\left(c+a\right)\)
Cộng từng vế các bđt trên ta được
\(VT\ge ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)
Bây giờ ta cm:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Bất đẳng thức trên luôn đúng
Vậy bđt được chứng minh
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
a.
Xét hiệu:
\(a^3+b^3-ab\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=a^2-ab+b^2-ab=a^2-2ab+b^2\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
=> BĐT luôn đúng
b.
Xét hiệu:
\(a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3=\left(a^4-a^3b\right)-\left(b^4-ab^3\right)\)
\(=a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)=\left(a^3-b^3\right)\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
=> BĐT luôn đúng
a)
\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-ab+b^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
b)
\(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-ab^3+b^4-a^3b\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a^3-b^3\right)-b\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
c)
\(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{ab}+1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{ab}+1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+b+a+ab-ab-2\sqrt{ab}-1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
d)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge ab+bc+ac\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta được
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+ab\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^3}{b}.ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+ab\ge2a^2\)
Tương tự ta được
\(\dfrac{b^3}{c}+bc\ge2b^2,\dfrac{c^3}{a}+ac\ge2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}+ab+bc+ac\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
Mặt khác ta có:\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\) (hệ quả bất đẳng thức AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge ab+bc+ac\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z;x,y,z>0\)
a)Svac-so:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{b+c+c+a+a+b}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(đpcm\right)}\)
b)\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{ab+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}-\dfrac{1}{ab+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}-\dfrac{1}{ab+1}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab+1-a^2-1}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}+\dfrac{ab+1-b^2-1}{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a\left(b-a\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}+\dfrac{b\left(a-b\right)}{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{b}{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}-\dfrac{a}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{b\left(a^2+1\right)-a\left(b^2+1\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{a^2b+b-ab^2-a}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\cdot\dfrac{ab-1}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b. Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{b+c+a+c+a+b}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a+2b+2c}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy :
Ta có: \(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\) = \(\dfrac{x^2+1}{x}\) \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{2x}{x}\) = 2 => đpcm
=> Dấu = xảy ra khi x = 1
b) Áp dụng BĐT Svac-sơ ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\) \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
=> đpcm
=> Dấu bằng xảy ra <=> a = b = c
Lời giải:
Sửa lại đề. Cho $a+b\geq 0$. CMR \(\frac{a+b}{2}\leq \sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}}\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3=(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)(1)\)
\(a^2-ab+b^2=(a+b)^2-3ab\)
\((a-b)^2\geq 0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\geq 2ab\Rightarrow (a+b)^2\geq 4ab\Rightarrow \frac{3}{4}(a+b)^2\geq 3ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-ab+b^2=(a+b)^2-3ab\geq (a+b)^2-\frac{3}{4}(a+b)^2=\frac{(a+b)^2}{4}(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow a^3+b^3\geq (a+b).\frac{(a+b)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\geq \frac{(a+b)^3}{8}\Rightarrow \sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b\geq 0$
bất đẳng thức cô-si ?
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\\ < =>a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\\ < =>\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\\ < =>a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\\ < =>a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\\ < =>\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)
=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
chúc may mắn
Ta có: \(a\ge0;b\ge0\Rightarrow a+b\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge2ab\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{ab}\); do \(2>\sqrt{2}\) nên \(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)