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Fe+Cl2->FeCl3(đk nhiệt độ)
FeCl3+NaOH->NaCl+Fe(OH)3
Fe(OH)3+H2SO4->Fe2(SO4)3+H2O
Fe(OH)3->Fe2O3+H2O(điều kiện nhiệt độ)
Fe2O3+CO(dư)->Fe+CO2(đk nhiệt độ)
b)Al+Cl2->AlCl3
AlCl3+NaOH(vừa đủ)->Al(OH)3+NaCl
Al(OH)3+H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+H2O
Al(OH)3->Al2O3+H2O(đk nhiệt độ)
Al2O3->Al+O2(điện phân nóng chảy criolit)
S+O2->SO2(đk nhiệt độ)
SO2+Br2+H2O->H2SO4+HBr
H2SO4+BaO->BaSO4+H2O
H2SO4(đặc)+Cu->CuSO4+SO2+H2O
a.
2Al +3 H2SO4=> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH=> 3Na2SO4 + 2Al(OH)3
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl=> AlCl3 + 3H2O
b.
2fe + 3Cl2=>2 FeCl3
FeCl3 +3 NaOH=> 3NaCl + Fe(OH)3
2Fe(OH)3 => Fe2O3 + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 6HCl=> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
c.
CaCO3 => CaO + CO2
CaO + H2O=> Ca(OH)2
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl=> CaCl2 + 2H2O
CaCl2 + 2AgNO3 => 2AgCl+ Ca(NO3)2
1) 2Al+2NaOH+2H2O\(\rightarrow\)2NaAlO2+3H2
2) NaAlO2+CO2+2H2O\(\rightarrow\)NaHCO3+Al(OH)3
3) Al(OH)3+NaOH\(\rightarrow\)NaAlO2+2H2O
4) 2Al(OH)3\(\rightarrow\)Al2O3+3H2O
5) Al2O3+3H2\(\rightarrow\)2Al+3H2O
6) 4Al+3O2\(\rightarrow\)2Al2O3
7) 2Al+ 3FeCl2\(\rightarrow\)2AlCl3+3Fe
8) 4Fe+3O2\(\overset{t^0>450^0C}{\rightarrow}2Fe_2O_3\)
9) Fe2O3+2Al\(\rightarrow\)Al2O3+2Fe
10) Al2O3+2NaOH\(\rightarrow\)2NaAlO2+H2O
11) 2Al+3Fe(NO3)2\(\rightarrow\)2Al(NO3)3+3Fe
12) Al(NO3)3+3NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Al(OH)3+3NaNO3
13) 4Al+3O2\(\rightarrow\)2Al2O3
14) Al2O3+6HCl\(\rightarrow\)2AlCl3+3H2O
15) AlCl3+3NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Al(OH)3+3NaCl
1.
2Cu + O2 -(to) → 2 CuO
CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O
CuSO4 + BaCl2 → CuCl2 + BaSO4↓
CuCl2 + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2AgCl↓
Cu(NO3)2 + NaOH → Cu(OH)2↓ + 2NaNO3
Cu(OH)2 → CuO + H2O
CuO + CO → Cu + CO2
2.
4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3
Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2↑
AlCl3 + 3NaOH(vừa đủ) → Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
2Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 + 3H2O
2Al2O3-(đpnc) → 4Al + 3O2↑
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2↑
CaCO3+HCl-->CaCl2+CO2+H2O
CaCl2+Na2CO3-->CaCO3+NaCl
CaCO3-->CaO+CO2
CaO+H2O-->Ca(OH)2
Ca(OH)2+HNO3-->Ca(NO3)2+H2O
E)
Cu+O2-->CuO
CuO+H2-->Cu+H2O
CuO+..->Cu(Oh)2
Cu(Oh)2+HCl-->CuCl2+H2o
G)Na2SO3+CaCL2-->CaSO3+NaCl
S+O2-->SO2
SO2+H2O-->H2SO3
H2SO3+Ca--->CaSO3+H2
CaSO3+HCl-->CaCL2+SO2+H2O
S8+O2-->SO3
SO3+H2O-->H2SO4
H2SO4+Fe2O3-->Fe2(SO4)3+H2
2AlCl3 --->2Al +3Cl2
4Al+3O2----.2Al2O3
Al2O3+3H2SO4---->Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
Al2(SO4)3+3Mg(OH)2---->3MgSO4+ 2Al(OH)3
Al(OH)3+ HNO3----> Al(NO3)3+ 2H2O
bài 1
a,
(1) 2Al + 6HCl-----> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
(2)AlCl3 + 3NaOH ----> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
(3)2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 -----> Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O
(4)Al2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 -------> 2AlCl3 + 3BaSO4
(5) 4AlCl3 + 3O2 --------> 2Al2O3 + 6Cl2
(6)2Al2O3 -------đpnóng chảy, criotit------->4 Al + 3O2
b,
(1) 2Fe + 3Cl2 --------------> 2FeCl3
(2)FeCl3 + 3NaOH -------------> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl
(3)2Fe(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 --------------> Fe2(SO4)3 + 6H2O
(4)Fe2(SO4)3 + 3Pb(NO3)2--------------> 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3PbSO4
(5)4Fe(NO3)3 -------------> 2Fe2O3 + 12NO2 + 3O2
(6) Fe2O3 + 3H2 ------> 2Fe + 3H2O
1, 2Mg + O2 => 2MgO
2, Cu + Cl2=> CuCl2
3, 2Al + 3O2=> 2Al2O3
4, 4Na + O2=> 2Na2O
5, 2SO2+ O2 => 2SO3
6, 3KOH +FeCl3 => Fe(OH)3 +3KCl
7, Na2O + 2HCl => 2NaCl + H2O
8, 2Al + 3H2SO4 => Al2 (SO4)3 + 3H2
1, 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
2, Cu + Cl2 → CuCl2
3, 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3
4, 4Na + O2 → 2Na2O
5, 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3
6, 3KOH + FeCl3 → 3KCl + Fe(OH)3
7, Na2O + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O
8, 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Câu 1: Hãy viết các PTHH theo các sơ đồ phản ứng sau đây:
1) AgNO3 + HCl ---> AgCl↓+HNO3
2) Cu + H2SO4đnóng ---> CuSO4+SO2↑+H2O
3) BaCO3 + H2SO4 ---> BaSO4+CO2+H2O
4) 2NaOH + CuSO4 ---> Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2↓
5) Al(OH)3
6) K2CO3 + 2HCl --->2KCl + CO2↑+H2O
7) Ba(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 ---> NaNO3 + BaSO4↓
8) CuSO4 + 2KOH ---> K2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
9) AgNO3 + HCl ---> KNO3 + AgCl↓
Câu 2: Viết PTHH thực hiện chuỗi biến hóa sau:
a. Al2O3 ---> Al ---> Al(NO3)3 ---> Al(OH)3 ---> Al2O3 ---> Al2(SO4)3 ---> AlCl3 ---> Al ---> Cu
\(2Al_2O_3--dpnc->4Al+3O_2\)
\(Al+4HNO_3-->Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+NO\uparrow+2H_2O\)
\(Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NaOH-->Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaNO_3\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3-to->Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4-->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2-->2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\)
\(3Mg+2AlCl_3-->3MgCl_2+2Al\)
\(3CuCl_2+2Al-->2AlCl_3+3Cu\)
b. Fe ---> FeCl3 ---> Fe(OH)3 ---> Fe2O3 ---> Fe ---> FeCl2 ---> Fe(NO3)2 ---> FeCO3 ---> FeSO4.
\(2Fe+3Cl_2--to->2FeCl_3\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH-->Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-to->Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3CO-to->2Fe+3CO_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(FeCl_2+2AgNO_3-->Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+AgCl\downarrow\)
\(Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+Na_2CO_3--->FeCO_3+2NaNO_3\)
\(FeCO_3+H_2SO_4-->FeSO_4+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)
c. Mg ---> MgO ---> MgCl2 ---> Mg(OH)2 ---> MgSO4 ---> MgCl2 ---> Mg(NO3)2 ---> MgCO3
\(2Mg+O_2--to->MgO\)
\(MgO+2HCl-->MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH-->Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4-->MgSO_4+2H_2O\)
\(MgSO_4+BaCl_2-->MgCl_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
\(MgCl_2+2AgNO_3-->Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)
\(Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+Na_2CO_3-->MgCO_3\downarrow+2NaNO_3\)
d. Cu(OH)2 ---> CuO ---> CuSO4 ---> CuCl2 ---> Cu(NO3)2 ---> Cu ---> CuO.
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2-->CuO+H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4-->CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(CuSO_4+BaCl_2-->CuCl_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
\(CuCl_2+2AgNO_3-->Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)
\(Fe+Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2-->Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+Cu\)
\(2Cu+O_2-->2CuO\)
2FeS2+6O2-->Fe2O3+4SO2
2SO2+O2-->2SO3(V2O5,to)
SO3+H2O-->H2SO4
b)2Na+2H2O-->2NaOH+H2
2NaOH+H2SO4-->Na2SO4+2H2O
Na2SO4+Ba(OH)2-->BaSO4+2NaOH
2NaOH+CO2-->Na2CO3+H2O
Na2CO3+2HCl-->2NaCl+H2O+CO2
NaCl+AgNO3-->NaNO3+AgCl
C)
4Al+3O2-->2AL2O3
Al2O3+3H2SO4-->Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
Al2(SO4)3+3Ba(OH)2-->3BaSO4+2Al(OH)3
Al(OH)3+NaOH-->NaAlO2+H2O
NaALO2+H2O+CO2-->Al(OH)3+NaHCO3
Al(OH)3+HCl-->AlCl3+H2O
AlCl3+AgNO3-->Al(NO3)3+AgCl
a) 2FeS2 +11/2O2-----> 4SO2 +Fe2O3
2SO2+O2------> 2SO3
SO3+H2O----- -> H2SO4.
b) 2Na +2H2O-----> 2NaOH+H2
2NaOH+H2SO4----> Na2SO4 +2H2O
Na2SO4+Ba(OH)2----> NaOH +BaSO4
2NaOH+CO2----> Na2CO3+H2O
Na2CO3+2HCl----> 2NaCl+H2O+CO2
NaCl+AgNO3--->NaNO3+AgCl
c) 4Al+3O2--- -> 2Al2O3
Al2O3+3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
Al2(SO4)3+6NaOH-> 2Al(OH)3+3Na2SO4
Al(OH)2+NaOH ----> NaAlO2+2H2O
NaAlO2+2H2O+CO2----> Al(OH)3 +NaHCO3
Al(OH)3+3NaOH----> AlCl3+3NaOH
Alcl3+3AgNO3---> Al(NO3)3+3NaCl