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\(2NaOH+Cl_2\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO+H_2O\)
.....0,5......0,25.............
\(\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,5}{1}=0,5\left(l\right)=500ml\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) => 65a + 56b + 27c = 10,65 (1)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
=> \(n_{H_2}=a+b+1,5c=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\) (2)
PTHH: Zn + Cl2 --to--> ZnCl2
2Fe + 3Cl2 --to--> 2FeCl3
2Al + 3Cl2 --to--> 2AlCl3
=> \(n_{Cl_2}=a+1,5b+1,5c=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\) (3)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,05\left(mol\right)\\c=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,05.27=1,35\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{10,65}.100\%=61,033\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{10,65}.100\%=26,291\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{10,65}.100\%=12,676\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nHCl = 2a + 2b + 3c = 0,45 (mol)
=> mHCl = 0,45.36,5 = 16,425 (g)
=> \(a\%=C\%=\dfrac{16,425}{200}.100\%=8,2125\%\)
c) mdd sau pư = 10,65 + 200 - 0,225.2 = 210,2 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{210,2}.100\%=6,47\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{210,2}.100\%=3,02\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,05.133,5}{210,2}.100\%=3,176\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(n_{SO2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
b) 300ml =0,3l
\(n_{Na2SO4}=0,15.0,3=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
c) 500ml = 0,5l
\(n_{HCl}=0,5.0,5=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3.0,15=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,5.0,5=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Câu 8:
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 + 16HCl --> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
0,1<---------------------------------0,25
=> \(n_{KMnO_4\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.100}{80}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
=> mKMnO4(tt) = 0,125.158 = 19,75 (g)
Câu 18:
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> n2 muối cacbonat = 0,1 (mol)
Câu 8: 2KMnO4 (0,125 mol) + 16HCl (đậm đặc) \(\underrightarrow{H=80\%}\) 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2\(\uparrow\) (0,25 mol) + 8H2O.
Khối lượng thuốc tím cần dùng là 0,125.158=19,75 (g).
Câu 18: 2H+ + CO32- (0,1 mol) \(\rightarrow\) CO2 (0,1 mol) + H2O.
Số mol của hỗn hợp hai muối cacbonat là 0,1 mol.
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)