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\(F=\log_{3-2\sqrt{2}}\left(27^{\log_92}+2^{\log_827}\right)=\log_{3-2\sqrt{2}}\left[\left(3^3\right)^{^{\log_92^2}}+2^{\log_{2^3}3^3}\right]\)
\(=\log_{3-2\sqrt{2}}\left(3^{\frac{3}{2}\log_32}+2^{\log_23}\right)\)
\(=\log_{3-2\sqrt{2}}\left(3^{\log_32^{\frac{3}{2}}}+2^{\log_23}\right)\)
\(=\log_{3-2\sqrt{2}}\left(2^{\frac{3}{2}}+3\right)=\log_{\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)^{-1}}\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)=-1\)
Chọn 2 làm cơ số, ta có :
\(A=\log_616=\frac{\log_216}{\log_26}=\frac{4}{1=\log_23}\)
Mặt khác :
\(x=\log_{12}27=\frac{\log_227}{\log_212}=\frac{3\log_23}{2+\log_23}\)
Do đó : \(\log_23=\frac{2x}{3-x}\) suy ra \(A=\frac{4\left(3-x\right)}{3+x}\)
b) Ta có :
\(B=\frac{lg30}{lg125}=\frac{lg10+lg3}{3lg\frac{10}{2}}=\frac{1+lg3}{3\left(1-lg2\right)}=\frac{1+a}{3\left(1-b\right)}\)
c) Ta có :
\(C=\log_65+\log_67=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\log_25}+\frac{1}{\log_35}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\log_27}+\frac{1}{\log_37}}\)
Ta tính \(\log_25,\log_35,\log_27,\log_37\) theo a, b, c .
Từ : \(a=\log_{27}5=\log_{3^3}5=\frac{1}{3}\log_35\)
Suy ra \(\log_35=3a\) do đó :
\(\log_25=\log_23.\log35=3ac\)
Mặt khác : \(b=\log_87=\log_{2^3}7=\frac{1}{3}\log_27\) nên \(\log_27=3b\)
Do đó : \(\log_37=\frac{\log_27}{\log_23}=\frac{3b}{c}\)
Vậy : \(C=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{3ac}+\frac{1}{3a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{c}{3b}}=\frac{3\left(ac+b\right)}{1+c}\)
d) Điều kiện : \(a>0;a\ne0;b>0\)
Từ giả thiết \(\log_ab=\sqrt{3}\) suy ra \(b=a^{\sqrt{3}}\). Do đó :
\(\frac{\sqrt{b}}{a}=a^{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-1};\frac{\sqrt[3]{b}}{\sqrt{a}}=a^{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}-\frac{1}{2}}=a^{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-1\right)}\)
Từ đó ta tính được :
\(A=\log_{a^{\alpha}}a^{\frac{-\sqrt{3}}{3}\alpha}=\log_{a^{\alpha}}\left(a^{\alpha}\right)^{\frac{-\sqrt{3}}{3}}=\frac{-\sqrt{3}}{3}\) với \(\alpha=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-1\)
a) =
= -3.
b) =
=
.
hoặc dùng công thức đổi cơ số : =
=
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.
c) =
=
.
d) =
= 3.
Ta có :
\(\begin{cases}a=\log_{27}5=\frac{\log_25}{\log_227}=\frac{\log_25}{3\log_23}=\frac{\log_25}{3c}\Rightarrow\log_25=3ac\\b=\log_87=\frac{\log_27}{\log_28}=\frac{\log_27}{3}\Rightarrow\log_27=3b\end{cases}\)
\(\Rightarrow J=\log_635=\frac{\log_235}{\log_26}=\frac{\log_25+\log_27}{1+\log_23}=\frac{3ac+3b}{1+c}\)
a. \(\sqrt[4]{\sqrt{3}-1}\) và \(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{3}-1}\)
Ta có : \(\begin{cases}\sqrt[4]{\sqrt{3}-1}=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^{\frac{1}{4}};\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{3}-1}=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}\\0< \sqrt{3}-1< 1;\frac{1}{4}< \frac{1}{3}\end{cases}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[4]{\sqrt{3}-1}>\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}\)
b. \(\log_32\) và \(\log_23\)
Ta có : \(\log_32< \log_33=1=\log_22< \log_23\Rightarrow\log_32< \log_23\)
a) \(A=\log_{5^{-2}}5^{\frac{5}{4}}=-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{5}{4}.\log_55=-\frac{5}{8}\)
b) \(B=9^{\frac{1}{2}\log_22-2\log_{27}3}=3^{\log_32-\frac{3}{4}\log_33}=\frac{2}{3^{\frac{3}{4}}}=\frac{2}{3\sqrt[3]{3}}\)
c) \(C=\log_3\log_29=\log_3\log_22^3=\log_33=1\)
d) Ta có \(D=\log_{\frac{1}{3}}6^2-\log_{\frac{1}{3}}400^{\frac{1}{2}}+\log_{\frac{1}{3}}\left(\sqrt[3]{45}\right)\)
\(=\log_{\frac{1}{3}}36-\log_{\frac{1}{3}}20+\log_{\frac{1}{3}}45\)
\(=\log_{\frac{1}{3}}\frac{36.45}{20}=\log_{3^{-1}}81=-\log_33^4=-4\)
a) Ta có \(\log_32<\log_33=1=\log_22<\log_23\)
b) \(\log_23<\log_24=2=\log_39<\log_311\)
c) Đưa về cùng 1 lôgarit cơ số 10, ta có
\(\frac{1}{2}+lg3=\frac{1}{2}lg10+lg3=lg3\sqrt{10}\)
\(lg19-lg2=lg\frac{19}{2}\)
So sánh 2 số \(3\sqrt{10}\) và \(\frac{19}{2}\) ta có :
\(\left(3\sqrt{10}\right)^2=9.10=90=\frac{360}{4}<\frac{361}{4}=\left(\frac{19}{2}\right)^2\)
Vì vậy : \(3\sqrt{10}<\frac{19}{2}\)
Từ đó suy ra \(\frac{1}{2}+lg3\)<\(lg19-lg2\)
d) Ta có : \(\frac{lg5+lg\sqrt{7}}{2}=lg\left(5\sqrt{7}\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}=lg\sqrt{5\sqrt{7}}\)
Ta so sánh 2 số : \(\sqrt{5\sqrt{7}}\) và \(\frac{5+\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{5\sqrt{7}}^2=5\sqrt{7}\)
\(\left(\frac{5+\sqrt{7}}{2}\right)^2=\frac{32+10\sqrt{7}}{4}=8+\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{7}\)
\(8+\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{7}-5\sqrt{7}=8-\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{7}=\frac{16-5\sqrt{7}}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{256}-\sqrt{175}}{2}>0\)
Suy ra : \(8+\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{7}>5\sqrt{7}\)
Do đó : \(\frac{5+\sqrt{7}}{2}>\sqrt{5\sqrt{7}}\)
và \(lg\frac{5+\sqrt{7}}{2}>\frac{lg5+lg\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
Ta có : \(\log_25=\log_23.\log_35=ab\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\log_{140}63=\frac{\log_263}{\log_2140}=\frac{\log_2\left(3^2.7\right)}{\log_2\left(2^2.5.7\right)}=\frac{2\log_23+\log_27}{2+\log_25+\log_27}=\frac{2a+c}{2+ab+c}\)
a) \(4^{log^3_2}=\left(2^2\right)^{log^3_2}=\left(2^{log^3_2}\right)^2=3^2=9\).
b) \(27^{log^2_9}=\left(3^3\right)^{log^2_{3^2}}=3^{3.\dfrac{1}{2}.log^2_3}=\left(3^{log^2_3}\right)^{\dfrac{3}{2}}=2^{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\sqrt{8}\).
c) \(9^{log^2_{\sqrt{3}}}=9^{log^2_{9^{\dfrac{1}{4}}}}=9^{4.log^2_9}=\left(9^{log^2_9}\right)^4=2^4=16\).
d) \(4^{log^{27}_8}=2^{2.log^{27}_{2^3}}=2^{\dfrac{2}{3}.log^{27}_2}=\left(2^{log^{3^3}_2}\right)^{\dfrac{2}{3}}=\left(3^3\right)^{\dfrac{2}{3}}=3^2=9\).