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a: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\sqrt{ab}=\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{ab}=0\)
b: \(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
c: \(=\sqrt{x}+2-\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}+2-\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
Bài 3:
a: \(=\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}{1-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=3+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}=3+\sqrt{2}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{a-b}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+b^2-2b\sqrt{ab}}{a^2+2a\sqrt{b}+b}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{ab}-b\right)}{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{a+\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{b}{a+\sqrt{b}}\)
c: \(=x+\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-1+1=x-\sqrt{x}\)
b)CM: \(ab\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{a^2b^2}}-\sqrt{a^2b^2+1}=0\)
\(VT=ab\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2+1}{\left(ab\right)^2}}-\sqrt{a^2b^2+1}\)
\(VT=ab\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2b^2+1}}{ab}-\sqrt{a^2b^2+1}\)
\(VT=\sqrt{a^2b^2+1}-\sqrt{a^2b^2+1}\)
\(VT=0=VP\)
b)\(\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}\)=\(\sqrt{9-\sqrt{80}}\)=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{9+\sqrt{9^2-80}}{2}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{9-\sqrt{9^2-80}}{2}}\)=\(\sqrt{5}\)\(-\)\(\sqrt{4}\)=\(2-\sqrt{5}\)
(dựa theo công thức có sẵn từ một quyển sách nâng cao:\(\sqrt{A\pm\sqrt{B}}\)=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{A+\sqrt{A^2-B}}{2}}\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{A-\sqrt{A^2-B}}{2}}\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x+9=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x-7=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{\dfrac{3+\sqrt{37}}{4};\dfrac{3-\sqrt{37}}{4}\right\}\)
d: \(=\sqrt{3}+1-6-3\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{15}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2}\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{5}{2}\)
b: \(=\left(\sqrt{ab}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}}{a}-\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+1}{ab}}\right)\cdot\sqrt{ab}\)
\(=ab+\dfrac{2ab}{a}-\sqrt{a^2+1}=ab+2b-\sqrt{a^2+1}\)
c: \(=2\sqrt{6b}-6\sqrt{18}+10\sqrt{12}-\sqrt{48}\)
\(=2\sqrt{6b}-18\sqrt{2}+20\sqrt{3}-4\sqrt{3}\)
\(=2\sqrt{6n}-18\sqrt{2}+16\sqrt{3}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{7}\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{21}}{7}\)
Bài 1:
a)Với x > 0;x ≠ 4 ta có:
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{x-4}-\dfrac{1}{x+4\sqrt{x}+4}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{x-4}\)
c)\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{a-\sqrt{ab}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}-b}\right)\left(a\sqrt{b}-b\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\right)\cdot\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{b-a}{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\cdot\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)=b-a\)
Bài 2:
a)Với a > 0;a ≠ 1;a ≠ 2 ta có
\(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}^3-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}^3+1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}}-\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1-a+\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}}\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}}\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}=\dfrac{2\left(a-2\right)}{a+2}\)
b)Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{2\left(a-2\right)}{a+2}=\dfrac{2a-4}{a+2}=\dfrac{2\left(a+2\right)-8}{a+2}=2-\dfrac{8}{a+2}\)
P nguyên khi \(2-\dfrac{8}{a+2}\) nguyên⇒\(\dfrac{8}{a+2}\) nguyên⇒\(a+2\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm8\right\}\)
\(TH1:a+2=1\Rightarrow a=-1\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH2:a+2=-1\Rightarrow a=-3\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH3:a+2=2\Rightarrow a=0\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH4:a+2=-2\Rightarrow a=-4\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH5:a+2=4\Rightarrow a=2\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH6:a+2=-4\Rightarrow a=-6\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH7:a+2=8\Rightarrow a=6\left(tm\right)\)
\(TH8:a+2=-8\Rightarrow a=-10\left(loai\right)\)
Vậy a = 6
a) Để tính giá trị của biểu thức P=(x^3+12x−9)^{2005}=(√3+12√−9)^{2005} với x=3√4(√5+1)−3√4(√5−1). Đầu tiên, ta thay x bằng giá trị đã cho vào biểu thức P: P=(3√4(√5+1)−3√4(√5−1))^3+12(3√4(√5+1)−3√4(√5−1))−9)^{2005} Tiếp theo, ta thực hiện các phép tính để đơn giản hóa biểu thức: P=(4(5+1)^{1/2}−4(5−1)^{1/2})^3+12(4(5+1)^{1/2}−4(5−1)^{1/2})−9)^{2005} =(4√6−4√4)^3+12(4√6−4√4)−9)^{2005} =(4√6−8)^3+12(4√6−8)−9)^{2005} =(64√6−192+96√6−96−9)^{2005} =(160√6−297)^{2005} ≈ 1.332 × 10^3975
b) Để tính giá trị của biểu thức Q=x^3+ax+b=√3+√a+√b^2+√a^3+√3+√a−√b^2+√a^3 với x=3√−b^2+√b^2/4+a^3/(27+3√−b^2−√b^2/4+a^3/27). Tương tự như trên, ta thay x bằng giá trị đã cho vào biểu thức Q: Q=(3√−b^2+√b^2/4+a^3/(27+3√−b^2−√b^2/4+a^3/27))^3+a(3√−b^2+√b^2/4+a^3/(27+3√−b^2−√b^2/4+a^3/27))+b Tiếp theo, ta thực hiện các phép tính để đơn giản hóa biểu thức: Q=(−b+√b^2/4+a^3/(27−b+√b^2/4+a^3/27))^3+a(−b+√b^2/4+a^3/(27−b+√b^2/4+a^3/27))+b =−b^3+3√b^2/4+a^3/(27−3b√b^2/4+a^3/(27))+a(−b+√b^2/4+a^3/(27−b+√b^2/4+a^3/27))+b =−b^3+3√b^2/4+a^3/(27−3b√b^2/4+a^3/(27))+a(−b+√b^2/4+a^3/(27−b+√b^2/4+a^3/27))+b =−b^3+3√b^2/4+a^3/(27−3b√b^2/4+a^3/(27))+a(−b+√b^2/4+a^3/(27−b+√b^2/4+a^3/27))+b =−b^3+3√b^2/4+a^3/(27−3b√b^2/4+a^3/(27))+a(−b+√b^2/4+a^3/(27−b+√b^2/4+a^3/27))+b ≈ −b^3+3√b^2/4+a^3/(27−3b√b^2/4+a^3/(27))+a(−b+√b^2/4+a^3/(27−b+√b^2/4+a^3/27))+b
a: \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=\left(x-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=2x\sqrt{x}+x-2x-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=2x\sqrt{x}-x+\sqrt{x}+2\)
b: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4+3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}:\dfrac{x-4-x}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{-4}=-\sqrt{x}+1\)
c: \(=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-9\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}+6-\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3x+8\sqrt{x}+5-2x+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5x+7\sqrt{x}+8}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)