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1) \(21x^2+21y^2+z^2\)
\(=18\left(x^2+y^2\right)+z^2+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(\ge9\left(x+y\right)^2+z^2+3.2xy\)
\(\ge2.3\left(x+y\right).z+6xy\)
\(=6\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=6.13=78\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y ; 3(x+y) = z; xy + yz + zx= 13 <=> x = y = 1; z= 6
2) \(x+y+z=3xyz\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=3\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{x}=a;\frac{1}{y}=b;\frac{1}{z}=c\)=> ab + bc + ca = 3
Ta cần chứng minh: \(3a^2+b^2+3c^2\ge6\)
Ta có: \(3a^2+b^2+3c^2=\left(a^2+c^2\right)+2\left(a^2+c^2\right)+b^2\)
\(\ge2ac+\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2\ge2ac+2\left(a+c\right).b=2\left(ac+ab+bc\right)=6\)
Vậy: \(\frac{3}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{3}{z^2}\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = c = \(\sqrt{\frac{3}{5}}\); \(b=2\sqrt{\frac{3}{5}}\)
khi đó: \(x=z=\sqrt{\frac{5}{3}};y=\sqrt{\frac{5}{3}}\)
BPT tương đương
x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - xy - yz - xz >= 0
=> 2 ( x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - xy - yz - xz ) >=0
=> 2 x^2 + 2y^2 + 2z^2 - 2xy - 2yz - 2xz >= 0
=> ( x - y)^2 + (y- z)^2 + ( z- x)^2 >=0 luôn đúng
=> ĐPCM
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(x+y+z+xy+yz+zx\le\frac{x^2+1}{2}+\frac{y^2+1}{2}+\frac{z^2+1}{2}+xy+yz+xz=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx+3}{2}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+3}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow6\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+3\ge12\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge9\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(3A=\left(1+1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=1\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
\(\left(x-y+4\right)^2-\left(2x+3y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+4+2x+3y-1\right)\left(x-y+4-2x-3y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x+2y+3\right)\left(-x-4y+5\right)\)
\(49\left(y-4\right)^2-9y^2-36y-36\)
\(=49\left(y-4\right)^2-\left(9y^2+36y+36\right)\)
\(=49\left(y-4\right)^2-\left(3y+6\right)^2\)
\(=[7\left(y-4\right)]^2-\left(3y+6\right)^2\)
\(=\left(7y-28\right)^2-\left(3y+6\right)^2\)
\(=\left(7y-28+3y+6\right)\left(7y-28-3y-6\right)\)
\(=\left(10y-22\right)\left(4y-34\right)\)
\(3x\left(x+5\right)-\left(18+3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-1\)
\(=3x^2+15x-18x+18-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(=18-1\)
\(=17\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(3x\left(x+5\right)-\left(18+3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-1\)không phụ thuộc vào biến
đpcm