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a ) \(x^2-x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}.\)
\(1.x^3+2x+x^2=x\left(x^2+x+2\right)\)
\(2.2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(3.-3x^3-5x^2+8x=-3x^3+3x^2-8x^2+8x\)
\(=-3x^2\left(x-1\right)-8x\left(x-1\right)=\left(3x^2+8x\right)\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=x\left(3x+8\right)\left(1-x\right)\)
\(4.x^2+4x-5=x^2-x+5x-5=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
\(5.6x^2-3x-3=6x^2-6x+3x-3=3\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(6.3x^2-2x-5=3x^2+3x-5x-5=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
\(8.x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
\(9.x^3+2x^2y+xy^2-9x=x\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-9\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)
\(10.x^2-y^2+6x+9=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)
\(a.\left(2x-3\right)\left(4x^2+6x+9\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\left(4x^2-6x+9\right)\\ =\left(2x\right)^3-3^3-\left[\left(2x\right)^3+3^3\right]\\ =8x^3-9-\left(8x^3+9\right)\\ =8x^3-9-8x^3-9=-18\)
\(b.\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ =x^3+1-\left(x^3-1\right)\\ =x^3+1-x^3+1=2\)
\(c.\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)^2\\ =9x^2-1-\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)\\ =9x^2-1-9x^2+12x-4\\ =12x-5\)
\(d.\left(2x-3\right)^2-\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x-3\right)\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left[\left(2x-3\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\right]\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left(2x-3-2x-3\right)\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left(-6\right)\\ =-12x\cdot18\)
\(e.\left(3x-4\right)^2-\left(2x+4\right)^2\\ =9x^2-24x+16-\left(4x^2+16x+16\right)\\ =9x^2-24x+16-4x^2-16x-16\\ =5x^2-40x\)
\(f.\left(3x-5\right)^3-\left(3x+5\right)^3\\ =27x^3-135x^2+225x-125-\left(27x^3+135x^2+225x+125\right)\\ =27x^3-135x^2+225x-125-27x^3-135x^2-225x-125\\ =-270x^2-250\)
\(g.\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3x-1\right)^2\\ =4x^2-4x+1-\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)\\ =4x^2-4x+1-9x^2+6x-1\\ =-5x^2+2x\)
\(h.\left(x-2y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^3-6y^3\right)\\ =x^3-8y^3+x^3-6y^3\\ =2x^3-14y^3\)
\(A=-x^2+6x-10=-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-1=-\left(x-3\right)^2-1\le-1\)
Vậy GTLN của A là -1 khi x = 3
\(B=-2x^2-4x-10=-2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-8=-2\left(x+1\right)^2-8\le-8\)
Vậy GTLN của B là -8 khi x = -1
\(C=-2x^2+3x-10=-2\left(x^2-\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{9}{16}\right)-\frac{71}{8}=-2\left(x-\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-\frac{71}{8}\le-\frac{71}{8}\)
Vậy GTLN của C là \(-\frac{71}{8}\)khi x = \(\frac{3}{4}\)
\(D=-x^2-y^2+2x-4y-10\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-5\)
\(D=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2-5\le-5\)
Vậy GTLN của D là -5 khi x = 1; y = -2
\(a,A=-x^2+6x-10\)
\(=-x^2+6x-9-1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-1\)
Ta có: \(-\left(x-3\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-3\right)^2-1\le-1\forall x\)
=> Max A =-1 tại \(-\left(x-3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=3\)
cn lại lm tg tự
=.= hok tốt!!
a,\(xy+3x-7y-21\)
\(=x\left(y+3\right)-7\left(y+3\right)\)
\(=\left(y+3\right)\left(x-7\right)\)
\(b,2xy-15-6x+5y\)
\(=\left(2xy-6x\right)+\left(-15+5y\right)\)
\(=2x\left(y-3\right)-5\left(3-y\right)\)
\(=2x\left(y-3\right)+5\left(y-3\right)\)
\(=\left(y-3\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
a) \(=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2-2\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\left(3x-1\right)+\left(3x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x+1-3x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2\)
b) \(=\left[\left(3x^3+1\right)^2-\left(3x\right)^2\right]-\left(3x^2+1\right)^2\)
\(=-\left(3x\right)^2=9x^2\)
c)\(=\left[\left(2x^2+1\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\right]-\left(2x^2+1\right)^2\)
\(=-\left(2x\right)^2=4x^2\)