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Đặt A = -x2 + 2xy - 4y2 + 2x + 10y - 8
= -[(x2 - 2xy + y2) - 2(x - y) + 1] - (3y2 - 12y + 12) + 5
= -[(x - y - 1)2 + 3(y - 2)2] + 5\(\le\)5
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Max A = 5 <=> x = 3 ; y = 2
-x2 + 2xy - 4y2 + 2x + 10y - 8
= -( x2 - 2xy + y2 - 2x + 2y + 1 ) - ( 3y2 - 12y + 12 ) + 5
= -[ ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - ( 2x - 2y ) + 1 ] - 3( y2 - 4y + 4 ) + 5
= -[ ( x - y )2 - 2( x - y ) + 12 ] - 3( y - 2 )2 + 5
= -( x - y - 1 )2 - 3( y - 2 )2 + 5
Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x-y-1\right)^2\\-3\left(y-2\right)^2\end{cases}}\le0\forall x,y\Rightarrow-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+5\le5\forall x,y\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức = 5 <=> x = 3 ; y = 2
\(A=-\left(x^2-2x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2\right)-\left(4y^2-10y-5-\left(y+1\right)^2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-\left(3y^2-12y-6\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+18\le18\)
Max A=18 khi y=2; x=3
a) \(M=10x^2+6y+4y^2+4xy+2\)
\(=\left(10x^2+4xy+\dfrac{2}{5}y^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{18}{5}y^2+6y+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=10\left(x^2+\dfrac{2}{5}xy+\dfrac{1}{25}y^2\right)+\dfrac{18}{5}\left(y^2+\dfrac{5}{3}y+\dfrac{25}{36}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=10\left(x+\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{18}{5}\left(y+\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{2}\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{5}y=0\\y+\dfrac{5}{6}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{6}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(H=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-8\)
\(=-x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)-\left(y^2+2y+1\right)-\left(3y^2-12y+7\right)\)
\(=-x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)-\left(y+1\right)^2-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+5\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+5\le5\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(K=2x^2+2xy-2x+2xy+y^2\)
bn xem lại cái đề nhé, sao lại có 2 lần 2xy
Tìm GTNN chủa biểu thức:
a, A=x2+6y2-2xy-12x+2y+45
b, B=x2-2xy+3y2-2xy-10y+20
c, C=x2+4y2-2xy-10x+4y+32
a ) \(x^2-x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}.\)
\(M=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-8\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(3y^2-12y+12\right)+\left(2x-2y\right)+4\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+4\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1\right]-3\left(y-2\right)^2+5\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+5\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x-y-1\right)^2\le0\\-3\left(y-2\right)^2\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2\le0}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+5\le5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y-1\right)^2=0\\3\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy Mmax = 5 khi x = 3, y = 2
Bài 1 :
=-5(x^2+4/5x+19/25)
=-5(x^2+2x.2/5+4/25+3/5)
=-5(x+2/5)^2-3
Vì (x+2/5)^2 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0 =>-5(x+2/5)^2-3 nhỏ hơn hoặc bằng-3
Vậy Min là-3