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1, \(A=3x^2+5x-1\)
\(=3\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{6}.x.2+\dfrac{25}{36}-\dfrac{37}{36}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{37}{12}\ge\dfrac{-37}{12}\)
Dấu " = " khi \(3\left(x+\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-5}{6}\)
Vậy \(MIN_A=\dfrac{-37}{12}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{-5}{6}\)
2,3 tương tự
4, \(A=2x^2+7x\)
\(=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{7}{4}.x.2+\dfrac{49}{16}-\dfrac{49}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{7}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{49}{8}\ge\dfrac{-49}{8}\)
Dấu " = " khi \(2\left(x+\dfrac{7}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-7}{4}\)
Vậy \(MIN_A=\dfrac{-49}{8}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{-7}{4}\)
5, 6 tương tự
7, \(A=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
Dấu " = " khi \(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(MIN_A=-36\) khi x = 0 hoặc x = -5
8, \(A=x^2-4x+y^2-8x+6\)
\(=x^2-4x+4+y^2-8x+16-14\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\ge-14\)
Dấu " = " khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y-4\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(MIN_A=-14\) khi x = 2 và y = 4
a) B = 2x2 + 5x - 3 = 2(x2 + 5/2x + 25/16) - 49/8 = 2(x + 5/4)2 - 49/8 \(\ge\)-49/8 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x + 5/4 = 0 <=> x = -5/4
Vậy MinB = -49/8 <=> x = -5/4
\(B=3x^2-6x+1=3x^2-6x+3-2=3\times\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-2=3\times\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
\(3\times\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow3\times\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
\(MinB=-2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(A=-5x^2-4x+13=-5\times\left(x^2+\frac{4}{5}x-\frac{13}{5}\right)=-5\times\left(x^2+2\times x\times\frac{2}{5}+\frac{4}{25}-\frac{4}{25}-\frac{13}{5}\right)=-5\times\left[\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{69}{25}\right]\)
\(\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{69}{25}\ge-\frac{69}{25}\Rightarrow-5\times\left[\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{69}{25}\right]\le\frac{69}{5}\)
\(M\text{ax}A=\frac{69}{5}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{2}{5}\)
\(B=-x^2-10x+8=-x^2-10x-25+33=33-\left(x+5\right)^2\)
\(\left(x+5\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow33-\left(x+5\right)^2\le33\)
\(M\text{ax}B=33\Leftrightarrow x=-5\)
x2+5x+8
=x2+2.x.5/2+25/4+7/4
=(x+5/2)2+7/4 \(\ge\)7/4 ( vì (x+5/2)2\(\ge\)0 )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
x+5/2=0
<=>x=-5/2
Vậy GTNN của x2+5x+8 là 7/4 tại x=-5/2
x(x-6)=x2-6x
=x2-6x+9-9
=(x-3)2-9\(\ge\)-9( vì (x-3)2\(\ge\)0 )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
x-3=0
<=>x=3
Vậy GTNN của x(x-6) là -9 tại x=3