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Bài 1
a) \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3+x^3-3x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2+3x+1+x^3-3x^2+3x-1+x^3-3x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=3x^3+6x-3x^3+3x=9x\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b-c\right)^2+\left(2a-b\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2bc-2ca+4a^2-4ab+b^2\)
\(=6a^2+3b^2+2c^2+4ab-4ab=6a^2+3b^2+2c^2\)
Bài 2
a) \(x^2-20x+101=\left(x^2-20x+100\right)+1=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-10\right)^2=0< =>x-10=0< =>x=10\)
b) \(4a^2+4a+2=4\left(a^2+a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+1=4\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>4\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>a+\frac{1}{2}=0< =>a=-\frac{1}{2}\)
c) \(x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-2y\right)+y^2-2y+1+27\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2.5.\left(x-2y\right)+25+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y-1=0\\x-2y+5=0\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Bài 3
a) \(4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-2\right)^2=0< =>x-2=0< =>x=2\)
b) \(x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>x-\frac{1}{2}=0< =>x=\frac{1}{2}\)
a) \(A=5x\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)-2x\left(10x^2-5x-2\right)\)
\(A=20x^3-10x^2+5x-20x^3+10x^2+4x\)
\(A=9x\)
Thay x = 15 vào, ta có:
\(A=9.15=135\)
b) \(B=5x\left(x-4y\right)-4y\left(y-5x\right)\)
\(B=5x^2-20xy-4y^2+20xy\)
\(B=5x^2-4y\)
Thay \(x=-\frac{1}{5};y=-\frac{1}{2}\) vào, ta có:
\(B=5.\left(-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2-4.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)=\frac{11}{5}\)
c) \(C=6xy\left(xy-y^2\right)-8x^2\left(x-y^2\right)-5y^2\left(x^2-xy\right)\)
\(C=6x^2y^2-6xy^3-8x^3+8x^2y^2-5x^2y^2+5xy^3\)
\(C=9x^2y^2-xy^3-8x^3\)
Thay \(x=\frac{1}{2};y=2\) vào, ta có:
\(C=9.\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2.2^2-\frac{1}{2}.2^3-8.\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3=4\)
d) \(D=\left(3x+5\right)\left(2x-1\right)+\left(4x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
\(D=6x^2-3x+10x-5+12x^2+8x-3x-2\)
\(D=18x^2+12x-7\)
Ta có: \(\left|2\right|=\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
+) Với x = -2
\(D=18.\left(-2\right)^2+12.\left(-2\right)-7=41\)
+) Với x = 2
\(D=18.2^2+12.2-7=89\)
a,\(A=x^2-x-1\)
\(=x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}\)
Vì:\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}\ge-\frac{5}{4}\forall x\)
Hay:\(A\ge0\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy Min A=-5/4 tại x=1/2
Hai phần cn lại lm tg tự nha bn
Bài 1.
1) ( 2x + 1 )3 - ( 2x + 1 )( 4x2 - 2x + 1 ) - 3( 2x - 1 ) = 15
<=> 8x3 + 12x2 + 6x + 1 - [ ( 2x )3 - 13 ] - 6x + 3 = 15
<=> 8x3 + 12x2 + 4 - 8x3 + 1 = 15
<=> 12x2 + 15 = 15
<=> 12x2 = 0
<=> x = 0
2) x( x - 4 )( x + 4 ) - ( x - 5 )( x2 + 5x + 25 ) = 13
<=> x( x2 - 16 ) - ( x3 - 53 ) = 13
<=> x3 - 16x - x3 + 125 = 13
<=> 125 - 16x = 13
<=> 16x = 112
<=> x = 7
Bài 2.
A = ( x + 5 )( x2 - 5x + 25 ) - ( 2x + 1 )3 - 28x3 + 3x( -11x + 5 )
= x3 + 53 - ( 8x3 + 12x2 + 6x + 1 ) - 28x3 - 33x2 + 15x
= -27x3 + 125 - 8x3 - 12x2 - 6x - 1 - 33x2 + 15x
= -33x3 - 45x2 + 9x + 124 ( có phụ thuộc vào biến )
B = ( 3x + 2 )3 - 18x( 3x + 2 ) + ( x - 1 )3 - 28x3 + 3x( x - 1 )
= 27x3 + 54x2 + 36x + 8 - 54x2 - 36x + x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - 28x3 + 3x2 - 3x
= 7 ( đpcm )
C = ( 4x - 1 )( 16x2 + 4x + 1 ) - ( 4x + 1 )3 + 12( 4x + 1 )3 + 12( 4x + 1 ) - 15
= ( 4x )3 - 13 - [ ( 4x + 1 )3 - 12( 4x + 1 )3 - 12( 4x + 1 ) ] - 15
= 64x3 - 1 - ( 4x + 1 )[ ( 4x + 1 )2 - 12( 4x + 1 )2 - 12 ] - 15
= 64x3 - 16 - ( 4x + 1 )[ 16x2 + 8x + 1 - 12( 16x2 + 8x + 1 ) - 12 ]
= 64x3 - 16 - ( 4x + 1 )( 16x2 + 8x - 11 - 192x2 - 96x - 12 )
= 64x3 - 16 - ( 4x + 1 )( -176x2 - 88x - 23 )
= 64x3 - 16 - ( -704x3 - 528x2 - 180x - 23 )
= 64x3 - 16 + 704x3 + 528x2 + 180x + 23
= 768x3 + 528x2 + 180x + 7 ( có phụ thuộc vào biến )
a) 5x2 ( 3x2 -7x+2)-15x(x-3)
=15x4-35x3+10x2-15x2+45x
=15x4-35x3-5x2+45x
c) (x+3)(x-3)(x-2)(x+1)
=(x2-9)(x2+x-2x-2)
=(x2-9)(x2-x-2)
=x4-x3-2x2-9x2+9x+18
=x4-x3-11x2+9x+18
d)(2x+1)2+(4x-1)2+2(2x+1)(4x+1)
=2x2+4x+1-16x2-8x+1
=2x2+4x+1-16x2-8x+1+16x2-4x+8x-2
=2x2+7
e) (2x2-3x)(5x2-2x+1)-10x2(x+3)
=10x4 -4x3+2x2-15x3+6x2-3 -10x2-30x
=10x4-19x3-2x2-30x-3
em nghĩ chị nên mua cuốn: các phương pháp tính GTLN; GTNN của ts toán học nguyễn cảnh toàn (chủ biên)
bài nào chị cũng làm dc, thân ái
\(A=x^2-4x+1=x^2-4x+4-3=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\)Min \(A=-3\)
Vậy.........
\(B=x^2-10x-3=x^2-10x+5^2-28=\left(x-5\right)^2-28\ge-28\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\)\(B=-28\)
Vậy.........
\(C=x^2-x-1=x^2-2x\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}\ge-\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\)\(A=-\frac{5}{4}\)
Vậy.......