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a) B = x - x2 + 2
= \(-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}-2\right)=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{4}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
=> Max B = 9/4
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x - 1/2 = 0 <=> x = 1/2
Vậy Max B = 9/4 <=> x = 1/2
d) Ta có P = \(x-x^2-1=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}+1\right)=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\le-\frac{3}{4}\)
=> Max P = -3/4
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x -1/2 = 0 <=> x = 1/2
Vậy Max P = -3/4 <=> x = 1/2
Min, Max hả ?
A = x2 - 10x - 3
= ( x2 - 10x + 25 ) - 28
= ( x - 5 )2 - 28 ≥ -28 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 5 = 0 => x = 5
=> MinA = -28 <=> x = 5
B = -3x2 + 6x - 1
= -3( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + 2
= -3( x - 1 )2 + 2 ≤ 2 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1 = 0 => x = 1
=> MaxB = 2 <=> x = 1
C = -x2 + 4x
= -( x2 - 4x + 4 ) + 4
= -( x - 2 )2 + 4 ≤ 4 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 2 = 0 => x = 2
=> MaxC = 4 <=> x = 2
D = 2x2 - 8x - 1
= 2( x2 - 4x + 4 ) - 9
= 2( x - 2 )2 - 9 ≥ -9 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 2 = 0 => x = 2
=> MinD = -9 <=> x = 2
1. \(x^6-2x^3+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
2. \(x^6+\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+\dfrac{1}{64}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3\right)^2+2.x^3.\dfrac{1}{8}+\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)4. \(x^3-10x^2+25x=0\Leftrightarrow x^3-5x^2-5x^2+25x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-5\right)-5x\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
5. \(\dfrac{1}{4}x^3-3x^2+9x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-3x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}x.3+3^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
6. \(x^5-16x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^4-16\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=-2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
7. \(4x^2+4x-3=0\Leftrightarrow4x^2-2x^2-6x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
8. \(4x^2+28x+48=0\Leftrightarrow4x^2+12x+14x+48=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x\left(x+3\right)+12\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+12\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
9. \(9x^2-12x+3=0\Leftrightarrow9x^2-9x-3x+3=0\Leftrightarrow9x\left(x-1\right)-3\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(9x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(36-12x+x^2\) \(=6^2-2.6.x+x^2\)
\(=\left(6-x\right)^2\)
b) \(4x^2+12x+9=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.3+3^2\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)
c) \(-25x^6-y^8+10x^3y^4=-\left[25x^6-10x^3y^4+y^8\right]\)
\(=-\left[\left(5x^3\right)^2-2.5x^3.y^4+\left(y^4\right)^2\right]\)
\(=-\left(5x^3-y^4\right)^2\)
d) \(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-5xy+25y^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}x.5y+\left(5y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-5y\right)^2\)
Học tốt~~~
a. \(36-12x+x^2=6^2-2.6.x+x^2=\left(6-x\right)^2\)
b. \(4x^2+12x+9=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.3+3^2=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)
c: \(=-\left(25x^6-10x^3y^4+y^8\right)\)
\(=-\left(5x^3-y^4\right)^2\)
d: \(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}x\cdot5y+\left(5y\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-5y\right)^2\)
\(A=x^2-20x+101\)
\(A=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot10+100+1\)
\(A=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
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\(B=4a^2+4a+2\)
\(B=4a^2+4a+1+1\)
\(B=\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\ge1\forall a\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{-1}{2}\)
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\(C=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(C=x^2-4xy+4y^2+y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(C=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\cdot\left(x-2y\right)\cdot5+25+y^2-2y+1+2\)
\(C=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
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\(D=4x-x^2+3\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-4x+4-7\right)\)
\(D=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-7\right]\)
\(D=7-\left(x-2\right)^2\le7\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
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\(E=x-x^2\)
\(E=-\left(x^2-x\right)\)
\(E=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(E=-\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\right]\)
\(E=\frac{1}{4}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{1}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
a, \(A=x^2-20x+101=x^2-2.x.10+10^2+1\)
\(=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-10\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
Vậy : \(A_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
b) \(B=4a^2+4a+2=\left(2a\right)^2+2.2a.1+1^2+1\)
\(=\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy : \(B_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1 :
a) \(3x\left(5x^2-2x-1\right)=3x\cdot5x^2+3x\left(-2x\right)+3x\left(-1\right)\)
\(=15x^3-6x^2-3x\)
b) \(\left(x^2-2xy+3\right)\left(-xy\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(-xy\right)-2xy\left(-xy\right)+3\left(-xy\right)\)
\(=-x^3y+2x^2y^2-3xy\)
c) \(\frac{1}{2}x^2y\left(2x^3-\frac{2}{5}xy-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}x^2y\cdot2x^3+\frac{1}{2}x^2y\cdot\left(-\frac{2}{5}xy\right)+\frac{1}{2}x^2y\left(-1\right)\)
\(=x^5y-\frac{1}{5}x^3y^2-\frac{1}{2}x^2y\)
d) \(\frac{1}{2}xy\left(\frac{2}{3}x^2-\frac{3}{4}xy+\frac{4}{5}y^2\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}xy\cdot\frac{2}{3}x^2+\frac{1}{2}xy\cdot\left(-\frac{3}{4}xy\right)+\frac{1}{2}xy\cdot\frac{4}{5}y^2\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}x^3y-\frac{3}{8}x^2y^2+\frac{2}{5}xy^3\)
e) \(\left(x^2y-xy+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(3xy^3\right)\)
= \(x^2y\cdot3xy^3-xy\cdot3xy^3+xy^2\cdot3xy^3+y^3\cdot3xy^3\)
\(=3x^3y^4-3x^2y^4+3x^2y^5+3xy^6\)
Bài 2 :
3(2x - 1) + 3(5 - x) = 6x - 3 + 15 - x = (6x - x) - 3 + 15 = 5x - 3 + 15
Thay x = -3/2 vào biểu thức trên ta có : \(5\cdot\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)-3+15\)
\(=-\frac{15}{2}-3+15=\frac{9}{2}\)
b) 25x - 4(3x - 1) + 7(5 - 2x)
= 25x - 12x + 4 + 35 - 14x
= (25x - 12x - 14x) + 4 + 35 = -x + 4 + 35 = -x + 39
Thay \(x=2\)vào biểu thức trên ta có : -2 + 39 = 37
c) 4x - 2(10x + 1) + 8(x - 2)
= 4x - 20x - 2 + 8x - 16
= (4x - 20x + 8x) - 2 - 16 = -8x - 2 - 16 = -8x - 18
Thay x = 1/2 vào biểu thức trên ta có \(-8\cdot\frac{1}{2}-18=-4-18=-22\)
d) Tương tự
Bài 3:
a) \(2x\left(x-4\right)-x\left(2x+3\right)=4\)
=> 2x2 - 8x - 2x2 - 3x = 4
=> (2x2 - 2x2) + (-8x - 3x) = 4
=> -11x = 4
=> x = \(-\frac{4}{11}\)
b) x(5 - 2x) + 2x(x - 7) = 18
=> 5x - 2x2 + 2x2 - 14x = 18
=> 5x - 14x = 18
=> -9x = 18
=> x = -2
Còn 2 câu làm tương tự
1, \(4x^2-4x+3=\left(2x-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 1/2
Vậy GTNN biểu thức trên là 2 khi x = 1/2
2, \(-x^2+10x-30=-\left(x^2-10x+25+5\right)=-\left(x-5\right)^2-5\le-5\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 5
Vậy GTLN biểu thức trên là -5 khi x = 5
3, \(x^2-x+1=x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu ''='' xayr ra khi x = 1/2
Vậy GTNN biểu thức là 3/4 khi x = 1/2
4, \(25x^2+10x=25x^2+10x+1-1=\left(5x+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = -1/5
Vậy GTNN biểu thức trên là -1 khi x = -1/5
6, \(-x^2+8x+5=-\left(x^2-8x-5\right)=-\left(x^2-8x+16-21\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-4\right)^2+21\le21\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 4
Vậy GTLN biểu thức trên là 21 khi x = 4
Trả lời:
1, \(4x^2-4x+3=4x^2-4x+1+2=\left(2x-1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi 2x - 1 = 0 <=> x = 1/2
Vậy GTNN của bt = 2 khi x = 1/2
2, \(-x^2+10x-30=-\left(x^2-10x+30\right)=-\left(x^2-10x+25+5\right)=-\left[\left(x-5\right)^2+5\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-5\right)^2-5\le-5\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 5 = 0 <=> x = 5
Vậy GTLN của bt = - 5 khi x = 5
3, \(25x^2+10x=25x^2+10x+1-1=\left(5x+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi 5x + 1 = 0 <=> x = - 1/5
Vậy GTNN của bt = - 1 khi x = - 1/5
4, \(x^2-x+1=x^2-2x\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 1/2 = 0 <=> x = 1/2
Vậy GTNN của bt = 3/4 khi x = 1/2
5, \(8x-x^2+5=-\left(x^2-8x-5\right)=-\left(x^2-8x+16-21\right)=-\left[\left(x-4\right)^2-21\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-4\right)^2+21\le21\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 4 = 0 <=> x = 4
Vậy GTLN của bt = 21 khi x = 4