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\(A=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-2\times x\times\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)=-\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\right]\)
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(-\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\right]\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy Max A = \(\frac{1}{4}\) khi x = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
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\(B=5-8x-x^2=-\left(x^2+2\times x\times4+4^2-4^2-5\right)=-\left[\left(x+4\right)^2-21\right]\)
\(\left(x+4\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x+4\right)^2-21\ge-21\)
\(-\left[\left(x+4\right)^2-21\right]\le21\)
Vậy Max B = 21 khi x = - 4
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\(C=5-x^2+2x-4y^2-4y=-\left(x^2-2\times x\times1+1^2-1^2+\left(2y\right)^2-2\times2y\times1+1^2-1^2-5\right)=-\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2-7\right]\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(2y-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
\(-\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2-7\right]\le7\)
Vậy Max C = 7 khi x = 1 và y = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=x^2-10x+26\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Vậy \(Min_A=1\) khi \(x-5=0\Rightarrow x=5\)
\(B=x^2+7x+10=\left(x^2+7x+\dfrac{49}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\ge\dfrac{-9}{4}\)Vậy \(Min_B=\dfrac{-9}{4}\) khi \(x+\dfrac{7}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\)
\(C=4x^2+8x+15=4\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+11=4\left(x+1\right)^2+11\ge11\)Vậy \(Min_C=11\) khi \(x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)
\(D=3x^2-7x+20=3\left(x^2-\dfrac{7}{3}x+\dfrac{49}{36}\right)+\dfrac{191}{12}=3\left(x-\dfrac{7}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{191}{12}\ge\dfrac{191}{12}\)Vậy \(Min_D=\dfrac{191}{12}\) khi \(x-\dfrac{7}{6}=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{6}\)
\(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2-22y+8\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2-22y+121\right)-113\)\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y-11\right)^2-113\ge-113\)
Vậy \(Min_E=-113\) khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=0\\x-11=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}11-2y=0\\x=11\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2y=11\\x=11\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{2}\\x=11\end{matrix}\right.\)
C = x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 28
= (x2 - 4xy + 4y2) + (10x - 22y) + 25 + y2 + 3
= (x - 2y)2 + 10(x - 2y) + 25 + y2 + 3
= (x - 2y + 5)2 + y2 + 3 \(\ge\)3
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min C = 3 \(\Leftrightarrow\)x = 5; y = 0
B=[(x - 2)(x - 5)](x2– 7x - 10)
= (x2- 7x + 10)(x2 - 7x - 10)
= (x2 - 7x)2- 102
= (x2 - 7x)2 - 100
=>(x2-7x)2\(\ge\) 100
GTNN = -100 \(\Rightarrow\) x2 - 7x = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x(x-7) = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 0 hoặc x = 7
B = x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 28
= x2 - 4xy + 4y2+ y2+ 10(x-2y) + 28
= (x - 2y)2+ 10(x-2y) + 25 + y2- 2y+ 1 + 2
= (x-2y + 5)2 + (y-1)2 + 2\(\ge\) 2
GTNN B = 2, khi y=1, x=-3
C = ( x2 - 4xy + 4y2 ) + 10.(x -2y) + ( y2 -2y + 1) + 27
= ( x-2y)2 + 2.5.(x-2y) + 25 + (y-1)2 + 2
= ( x-2y + 5 )2 + (y-1)2 + 2 \(\ge2\)vì \(\left(x-2y+5\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\) và \(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min C = 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
C = x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 28
= (x^2 - 4xy + 4y^2) + (10x - 20y) + (y^2 - 2y) + 28
= (x - 2y)^2 + 10(x - 2y) + 25 + (y^2 - 2y + 1) + 2
= (x - 2y)^2 + 2.(x - 2y).5 + 5^2 + (y - 1)^2 + 2
= (x - 2y + 5)^2 + (y - 1)2 + 2
Vì (x−2y+5)^2≥0∀x;y; (y−1)^2≥0∀y nên (x−2y+5)^2+(y−1)^2+2≥2∀x;y
hay C≥2∀x;y
Dấu ''='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-2y+5\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=2y-5\\y=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}}\)
b) Ta có : 4x - x2 + 1
= -(x2 - 4x - 1)
= -(x2 - 4x + 4 - 5)
= -(x2 - 4x + 4) + 5
= -(x - 2)2 + 5 \(\le5\forall x\) vì : \(-\left(x-2\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức là : 5 khi x = 2
Ta có : (x2 - 4xy + 4y2) + (10x - 20y) + (y2 - 2y + 1) + 27
= (x - 2y)2 + 10(x - 2y) + (y - 1)2
= (x - 2y)2 + 10(x - 2y) + 25 + (y - 1)2 + 2
= (x - 2y + 5)2 + (y - 1)2 + 2 \(\ge2\forall x\)
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức là 2
Khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)