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\(a^2+ab+b^2-3a-3b+2016=\left(a^2+a\left(b-3\right)+\frac{\left(b-3\right)^2}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{3b^2}{4}-\frac{3}{2}b+\frac{3}{4}\right)+2013\)
\(=\left(a+\frac{b-3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(b-1\right)^2+2013\ge2013\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+\frac{b-3}{2}=0\\b-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}a=b=1\)
Vậy BT đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất bằng 2013 tại a = b = 1
Ta có: \(3a^2+2ab+3b^2=m\left(a+b\right)^2+n\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(m+n\right)a^2+2\left(m-n\right)ab+\left(m+n\right)b^2\)
Đồng nhất hệ số ta được \(\hept{\begin{cases}m+n=3\\m-n=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}m=2\\n=1\end{cases}}\)
Do đó \(3a^2+2ab+3b^2=2\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge2\left(a+b\right)^2\)
Tương tự với mấy cái BĐT còn lại thay vào ta được:
\(P\ge2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge2\sqrt{2}\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{3}=6\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.
P/s: Em không chắc đâu ạ!
Ta có: P=∑\(\sqrt{3a^2+2ab+3b^2}\)=∑\(\sqrt{\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\)
∑\(\sqrt{2}\left(a+b\right)\ge\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)=6\sqrt{2}\)
\(P=\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a^2+5\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b^2+5\right)}+\sqrt{c^2+5}}\)
\(=\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a^2+ab+bc+ca\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b^2+ab+bc+ca\right)}+\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)(Do ab + bc + ca = 5)
\(=\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM, ta được:
\(\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}=2\sqrt{\frac{6}{4}\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)\(\le\frac{6}{4}\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)=\frac{5}{2}a+\frac{6}{4}b+c\)
\(\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}=2\sqrt{\frac{6}{4}\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)\(\le\frac{6}{4}\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)=\frac{6}{4}a+\frac{5}{2}b+c\)
\(\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\le\frac{\left(c+a\right)+\left(c+b\right)}{2}=c+\frac{a}{2}+\frac{b}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT trên, ta được: \(\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)\(\le\frac{9}{2}a+\frac{9}{2}b+3c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)\(\ge\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\frac{9}{2}a+\frac{9}{2}b+3c}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=1;c=2\)
\(3b+a-2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{a}+1\)
\(=\left(3b-\frac{2.\sqrt{3ab}}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{a}{3}\right)+\left(\frac{2a}{3}-\frac{2.\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{2}}+\frac{3}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3b}-\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{\frac{2a}{3}}-\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\right)^2-\frac{1}{2}\ge-\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{9}{4}\\b=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
Đặt \(P=a-2\sqrt{ab}+3b-2\sqrt{a}+1\)
\(=a-2\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}+1\right)+b+2\sqrt{b}+1+2b-2\sqrt{b}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-1\right)^2+2\left(b-\sqrt{b}+\frac{1}{4}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-1\right)^2+2\left(\sqrt{b}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{1}{4};a=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(A=\left(a^2+\dfrac{b^2}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}+ab-3a-\dfrac{3}{2}b\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+2020\)
\(A=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(b-1\right)^2+2020\ge2020\)
\(A_{min}=2020\) khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(1;1\right)\)