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b/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=4-y^2\\2x^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(4-xy\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=4\\2x^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(4-xy\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3=x^3+y^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=y^3\Rightarrow x=y\)
Thay vào pt đầu:
\(2x^2=4\Rightarrow x^2=2\Rightarrow x=y=\pm\sqrt{2}\)
a/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(2x+y\right)+x\left(2x+y\right)=-6\\x^2+x+2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+x\right)\left(2x+y\right)=-6\\x^2+x+2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=a\\2x+y=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=-6\\a+b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) với
Theo Viet đảo, a và b là nghiệm của:
\(t^2-t-6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=3\\2x+y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=-2\left(vn\right)\\2x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-3=0\\y=-2x-2\end{matrix}\right.\) (bấm casio)
1,ĐK: \(x,y\ne-2\)
HPT<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\left(x+2\right)+y\left(y+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)\left(1\right)\\x^2\left(x+2\right)^2+y^2\left(y+2\right)^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\left(y+2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(x+2\right)^2+2xy\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)+y^2\left(y+2\right)^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\left(y+2\right)^2\\x^2\left(x+2\right)^2+y^2\left(y+2\right)^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\left(y+2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(2xy\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)=0\)
<=>\(2xy=0\) (do x+2 và y+2 \(\ne0\))
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại x=0 thay vào (1) có: \(y\left(y+2\right)=2\left(y+2\right)\) <=> y= \(\pm2\) => y=2 (vì y khác -2)
Tại y=0 thay vào (1) có: \(x\left(x+2\right)=2\left(x+2\right)\) => x=2
Vậy HPT có 2 nghiệm duy nhất (2,0),(0,2)
2, ĐK: \(y\ne-1\)
HPT <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\left(x+3\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(1\right)\\\frac{3x^2}{y+1}=4-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\frac{6\left(3+x\right)\left(y+1\right)}{y+1}=4-x\)
<=> 6(x+3)=4-x
<=> \(14=-7x\)
<=> \(x=-2\) thay vào (1) có \(4=2\left(y+1\right)\)
<=>y=1\(\)( tm)
Vậy hpt có một nghiệm duy nhất (-2,1)
3,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-y=y^2-x\left(1\right)\\x^2-x=y+3\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT (1) <=> \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)=0\)
<=> (x-y)(x+y+1)=0
<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=-x-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại x=y thay vào (2) có \(y^2-y=y+3\) <=> \(y^2-2y-3=0\) <=> (y-3)(y+1)=0 <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại y=-1-x thay vào (2) có: \(x^2-x=-1-x+3\) <=> \(x^2=2\) <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-1-\sqrt{2}\\y=-1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hpt có 4 nghiệm (3,3),(-1,-1), ( \(\sqrt{2},-1-\sqrt{2}\)),( \(-\sqrt{2},-1+\sqrt{2}\))
4,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{9}{2}\left(1\right)\\xy+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=5\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)(đk:\(x\ne0,y\ne0\))
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\\\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=u\\y+\frac{1}{y}=v\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u+v=\frac{9}{2}\\uv=5\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\frac{9}{2}-v\\v\left(\frac{9}{2}-v\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\frac{9}{2}-v\\\left(v-\frac{5}{2}\right)\left(v-2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\frac{9}{2}-v\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}v=\frac{5}{2}\\v=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}v=\frac{5}{2}\\u=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}v=2\\u=\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\frac{5}{2}\\u=2\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=2\\y+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=2\\u=\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{5}{2}\\y+\frac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hpt có 4 nghiệm (1,2),( \(1,\frac{1}{2}\)) ,( 2,1),(\(\frac{1}{2},1\)).
10.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-3xy+y^2+x-y=0\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-2xy-xy+y^2+x-y=0\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)=0\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2+x+1=x^2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x^2+x+1=\left(2x+1\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\3x\left(x+1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=-1\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=-1\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải
5 = x2y2 + ( x-2) 2 + ( 2y-2)2 -2xy(x + 2y -4 )
= [ x.y - ( x + 2.y -4 ) ] 2 - 2 ( y - 1 ) ( x - 2 )
= ( xy - x - 2y + 4 )2 -4.( xy - x - 2y + 2 )
= A2 - 4 ( A - 2 )
<=> A2 - 4.A + 3 = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}xy-x-2y+4=3\\xy-x-2y+4=1\end{cases}}\)
Lưu ý : đặt : A = xy - x - 2y + 4
TH1 : xy - x - 2.y + 4 = 3
<=> xy - x - 2y + 1 = 0
<=> x.( y - 1 ) - 2.(y-1 ) = 1
<=> ( x - 2 ) ( y - 1 ) = 1
Ta có bảng :
x-2 | 1 | -1 |
y - 1 | 1 | -1 |
x | 3 | -1 |
y | 2 | 0 |
TH2 : xy - x - 2y + 4 = 1
<=> ( x- 2 ) . ( y -1 ) =-1
x-2 | -1 | 1 |
y - 1 | 1 | -1 |
x | -1 | 3 |
y | 2 | 0 |
\(x^2y^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(2y-2\right)^2-2xy\left(x+2y-4\right)=0\)
<=> \(x^2y^2+\left(x+2y-4\right)^2-2\left(x-2\right)\left(2y-2\right)-2xy\left(x+2y-4\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left[x^2y^2-2xy\left(x+2y-4\right)+\left(x+2y-4\right)^2\right]-4\left(xy-x-2y+2\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(xy-x-2y+4\right)^2-4\left(xy-x-2y+4\right)+8=0\)
<=> \(\left(xy-x-2y+2\right)^2+4=0\)(vô nghiệm)
=>phương trình vô nghiệm
Những bài còn lại chỉ cần phân tích ra rồi rút gọn là được nha. Bạn tự làm nha!
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=a\\x-y=b\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\)ta có hệ \(\hept{\begin{cases}2a+3b=4\\a+2b=5\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-7\\b=6\end{cases}}\)Từ đó ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=-7\\x-y=6\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=-\frac{13}{2}\end{cases}}\)PS: Cái đề chỗ 3(x+y) phải thành 3(x-y) chứ
\(xy^2-\left(x-2\right)\left(x^4+2x+1\right)=2y^2\)
\(\left(xy^2-2y^2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x^4+2x+1\right)=0\)
\(y^2\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x^4+2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-2\right)\left(y^2-x^4-2x-1\right)=0\)
TH1 : \(x-2=0\)<=> \(x=2\)
TH2 : \(x^4+2x+1=y^2\)
Nếu \(x=0\) thì \(y^2=1\)hay \(y=\pm1\)
Nếu \(x=1\) thay vào ta có \(y^2=4\)hay \(y=\pm2\)
Nếu \(x=-1\)thay vào ta có \(y^2=0\)hay \(y=0\)
Nếu \(\left|x\right|>1\)thì \(-x^2< x< x^2\)
Vậy \(\left(x^2-1\right)^2=x^4-2x^2+1< x^4+2x+1=y^2< x^4+2x^2+1\)\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2\)
= > \(y^2=x^4\)
Thay vào ta có :
\(x^4+2x+1=x^4\)
\(2x+1=0\)
\(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)( Loại )