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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{x}\\b=\dfrac{1}{y}\\c=\dfrac{1}{z}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\begin{matrix}a+b+c=1\\a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\end{matrix}\) \(x,y,z\ne0\Rightarrow a,b,c\ne0\)
\(a^2+b^2+x^2\ge ab+bc+ac\) (*){cơ bản} \(\Rightarrow\left(ab\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2\ge\left(ab.ac\right)+\left(ab.bc\right)+\left(ac.bc\right)=abc\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
(*) bình phương hai vế
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(ab\right)^2+2\left(ac\right)^2+2\left(bc\right)^2\ge\left(ab\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge-\left[\left(ab\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2\right]+2abc\ge-abc+2abc=abc=>dpcm\)Đẳng thức:
a=b=c=1/3=> x=y=z=3
ta co \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{x.x}+\dfrac{1}{y.y}+\dfrac{1}{z.z}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x.x.x}+\dfrac{1}{y.y.y}+\dfrac{1}{z.z.z}=1\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x.x.x.x}+\dfrac{1}{y.y.y.y}+\dfrac{1}{z.z.z.z}=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^4}+\dfrac{1^{ }}{y^4}+\dfrac{1}{z^4}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{1}{x^4}+\dfrac{1}{y^4}+\dfrac{1}{z^4}\)>= \(\dfrac{1}{x.y.z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\) \(\geq \) \(\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\) \(\geq\) \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}\)\(\leq\)\(\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}\right)\)\(\leq\)\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}\right)\right)\)=\(\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)(1)
Chứng minh tương tự,ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}\) \(\leq\) \(\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)(2)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\) \(\leq\) \(\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{2}{z}\right)\)(3)
Đặt: \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\) là VT
Cộng các BĐT(1),(2),(3) lại với nhau ta được:
VT \(\leq\)\(\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{2}{z}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) VT \(\leq\) \(\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)\)=\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)=\(\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\) \(\leq\) 1
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
a) \(\dfrac{2x}{x^2+2xy}+\dfrac{y}{xy-2y^2}+\dfrac{4}{x^2-4y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x}{x\left(x+2y\right)}+\dfrac{y}{y\left(x-2y\right)}+\dfrac{4}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\) MTC: \(xy\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2x.y\left(x-2y\right)}{xy\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}+\dfrac{y.x\left(x+2y\right)}{xy\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}+\dfrac{4.xy}{xy\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2xy\left(x-2y\right)+xy\left(x+2y\right)+4xy}{xy\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2y-4xy^2+x^2y+2xy^2+4xy}{xy\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x^2y-2xy^2+4xy}{xy\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{x-y}+\dfrac{3xy}{y^3-x^3}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{3xy}{x^3-y^3}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\) MTC: \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}-\dfrac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-3xy+\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-4xy+2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(A=\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)\\ =y+x+\dfrac{xy}{z}+y+z+\dfrac{yz}{x}+x+z+\dfrac{xz}{y}-\left(\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{xy}{z}\right)\\ =2\left(x+y+z\right)=2.2018=4036\)
a: \(=\dfrac{x^2+2x+1-x^2+2x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}:\left(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{x}{x-1}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{4x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}:\dfrac{x-1+x^2+x+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2+2x+1}=\dfrac{4x}{x^2+2x+1}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x+2}{-\left(x-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{4x^2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{2-x}-\dfrac{4}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x^2-2x+4}{2-x}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{4x^2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{2-x}-\dfrac{4}{\left(x+2\right)\left(2-x\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{4x^2}\cdot\dfrac{2x+4-4}{\left(2-x\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x}{4x^2}=\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
Bài 2 .
a) \(\dfrac{2x}{x^2+2xy}+\dfrac{y}{xy-2y^2}+\dfrac{4}{x^2-4y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x}{x\left(x+2y\right)}+\dfrac{y}{y\left(x-2y\right)}+\dfrac{4}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2xy\left(x-2y\right)+xy\left(x+2y\right)+4xy}{xy\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2y-2xy^2+x^2y+2xy^2+4xy}{xy\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x^2y+4xy}{xy\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
b) Sai đề hay sao ý
c) \(\dfrac{2x+y}{2x^2-xy}+\dfrac{16x}{y^2-4x^2}+\dfrac{2x-y}{2x^2+xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+y}{x\left(2x-y\right)}+\dfrac{-16x}{\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2x-y}{x\left(2x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x+y\right)^2-16x^2+\left(2x-y\right)^2}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x^2+4xy+y^2-16x^2+4x^2-4xy+y^2}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-8x^2}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)}\)
d) \(\dfrac{1}{1-x}+\dfrac{1}{1+x}+\dfrac{2}{1+x^2}+\dfrac{4}{1+x^4}+\dfrac{8}{1+x^8}+\dfrac{16}{1+x^{16}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{1-x^2}+\dfrac{2}{1+x^2}+\dfrac{4}{1+x^4}+\dfrac{8}{1+x^8}+\dfrac{16}{1+x^{16}}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{1-x^4}+\dfrac{4}{1+x^4}+\dfrac{8}{1+x^8}+\dfrac{16}{1+x^{16}}\)
.....
\(=\dfrac{16}{1-x^{16}}+\dfrac{16}{1+x^{16}}\)
\(=\dfrac{32}{1-x^{32}}\)
Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\neq 1\)
Kết hợp với \(x,y\in\mathbb{Z}, xy=1\) suy ra \(x=y=-1\)
Thay vào điều kiện \(\frac{x+y-2}{4}=\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{y-1}\) thấy thỏa mãn
Vậy \(x=y=-1\)
Em cảm ơn ạ