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a: \(=\dfrac{x+1}{x+2}\cdot\dfrac{x+3}{x+2}\cdot\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x+1}{x+2}:\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{x+2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2x-3-2x^2-2x+x+1-x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x^2+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=-1\)
a) \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2-2ac-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a-c\right)^2-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}=1\)
c) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^3-x^2}+\dfrac{3}{x^3-2x^2+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{3}{x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3-x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+x+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-1}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}-\dfrac{y^2}{x}\right)\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}.\dfrac{x^3-y^3}{xy}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}.\dfrac{x}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
a, \(\dfrac{x^2-x}{x-2}+\dfrac{4-3x}{x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x+4-3x}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{x-2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{1\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x-3}{x^2-9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{x-3}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{2+x-3}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-9}\)
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
a) PT \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-x+2}{\left(x-1\right)^3}=\dfrac{A+B\left(x-1\right)+C\left(x-1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+2=A+Bx-B+Cx^2-2Cx+C\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+2=Cx^2+x\left(B-2C\right)+\left(A+C-B\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C=1\\B-2C=-1\\A+C-B=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A=2\\B=1\\C=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+2x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{A\cdot x^2+A+\left(Bx+C\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\cdot A+A+x^2\cdot B-x\cdot B+x\cdot C-C=x^2+2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(A+B\right)+x\left(-B+C\right)+A-C=x^2+2x-1\)
=>A+B=1; -B+C=2; A-C=-1
=>A+C=3; A-C=-1; A+B=1
=>A=1; C=2; B=1-A=0
a ) \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{5}{x-2}=\dfrac{15}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)}\)(1)
ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne1;x\ne2\)
(1)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{5}{2-x}=\dfrac{15}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-x+5x+5=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+7=15\\\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(KTMĐKXĐ\right)\)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm .
b ) \(1+\dfrac{x}{3-x}=\dfrac{5x}{\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x+2}\) ( 2 )
ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne3;x\ne-2\)
(2) \(\Leftrightarrow3x-x^2+6-2x+x^2+2x=3x+6-x^2-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(TMĐKXĐ\right)\\x=-2\left(KTMĐKXĐ\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là S={0}.
c ) \(\dfrac{6}{x-1}-\dfrac{4}{x-3}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)}\) (3)
ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne1;x\ne3\)
\(\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6}{x-1}+\dfrac{4}{3-x}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left(3-x\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18-6x+4x-4=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là S={-3}
d ) \(\dfrac{x+2}{x-2}-\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{2}{x\left(x-2\right)}\) (4)
ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne0;x\ne2\)
\(\left(4\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-x+2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(KTMĐKXĐ\right)\\x=-1\left(TMĐKXĐ\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là S={-1}
a) \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{5}{x-2}=\dfrac{15}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)}\) ( đk: x ≠ -1; x ≠ 2 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{5}{2-x}=\dfrac{15}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2-x+5\left(x+1\right)=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2-x+5x+5=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(4x=8\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(x=2\) ( KTM )
S = ∅
b) \(1+\dfrac{x}{3-x}=\dfrac{5x}{\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x+2}\) ( đk: x ≠ - 2 ; x ≠ 3 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)+x\left(x+2\right)=5x+2\left(3-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(3x-x^2+6-2x+x^2+2x=5x+6-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(3x+6=3x+6\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(0x=0\) ( TM )
\(\Rightarrow\) Phương trình vô số nghiệm
S = R
c) \(\dfrac{6}{x-1}-\dfrac{4}{x-3}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)}\) ( đk: x ≠ 1 ; x ≠ 3 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{6}{x-1}+\dfrac{4}{3-x}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(6\left(3-x\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(18-6x+4x-4=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(-2x=-6\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\) ( KTM )
S = ∅
d) \(\dfrac{x+2}{x-2}-\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{2}{x\left(x-2\right)}\) (đk: x ≠ 2; x ≠ 0 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x\left(x+2\right)-x+2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+2x-x+2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(KTM\right)\\x=1\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
S = \(\left\{2\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+2=A+B\left(x-1\right)+C\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
=>x^2-x+2=A+Bx-B+Cx^2-2Cx+C
=>x^2-x+2=x^2*C+x(B-2C)+A-B+C
=>C=1; B-2C=-1; A-B+C=2
=>C=1; B=-1+2*C=-1+2=1; A=2+B-C=2+1-1=2