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\(P=\dfrac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{b^3}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}+\dfrac{c^3}{\sqrt{a^2+3}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^4}{\sqrt{a^2\left(b^2+3\right)}}+\dfrac{b^4}{\sqrt{b^2\left(c^2+3\right)}}+\dfrac{c^4}{\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+3\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\sqrt{a^2\left(b^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{b^2\left(c^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+3\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a^2\left(b^2+3\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2+3}{2}\\\sqrt{b^2\left(c^2+3\right)}\le\dfrac{b^2+c^2+3}{2}\\\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+3\right)}\le\dfrac{c^2+a^2+3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2\left(b^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{b^2\left(c^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+3\right)}\le\dfrac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\sqrt{a^2\left(b^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{b^2\left(c^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+3\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{9}=2\)
Vì \(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\sqrt{a^2\left(b^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{b^2\left(c^2+3\right)}+\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+3\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{b^3}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}+\dfrac{c^3}{\sqrt{a^2+3}}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge2\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=2\)
đặt (với a, b, c > 0). Khi đó phương trình đã cho trở thành:
a = b = c = 2
Suy ra: x = 2013, y = 2014, z = 2015.
d/ \(B=180^0-\left(A+C\right)=75^0\)
\(\Rightarrow b=c=4,5\)
\(\frac{a}{sinA}=\frac{b}{sinB}\Rightarrow a=\frac{b.sinA}{sinB}=\frac{9}{4}\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
e/ \(cosA=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}\Rightarrow a=\sqrt{b^2+c^2-2bc.cosA}\approx23\)
\(cosB=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}=\frac{433}{460}\Rightarrow B\approx19^043'\)
\(\Rightarrow C=180^0-\left(A+B\right)=...\)
f/ \(cosA=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\frac{11}{15}\Rightarrow A\approx42^050'\)
\(cosB=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}=\frac{17}{35}\Rightarrow B\approx60^056'\)
\(C=180^0-\left(A+B\right)=...\)
a/ \(cosA=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow A=120^0\)
\(cosB=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\Rightarrow B=45^0\)
\(C=180^0-\left(A+B\right)=15^0\)
b/\(A=180^0-\left(B+C\right)=79^037'\)
\(\frac{a}{sinA}=\frac{b}{sinB}=\frac{c}{sinC}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=\frac{sinB}{sinA}.a\approx61\\c=\frac{sinC}{sinA}.a\approx102\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/\(\frac{a}{sinA}=\frac{b}{sinB}\Rightarrow sinB=\frac{bsinA}{a}\approx0,6\Rightarrow B\approx36^052'\)
\(\Rightarrow C=180^0-\left(A+B\right)=75^045'\)
\(\frac{a}{sinA}=\frac{c}{sinC}\Rightarrow c=\frac{a.sinC}{sinA}\approx21\)
\(\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\frac{b^2+3}{8}\ge\frac{3}{2}a^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\ge\frac{3}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{16}b^2-\frac{3}{16}\)
\(P=\Sigma\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{1}{16}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{9}{16}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Bài 1:
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^2}{a+2b^2}+\frac{b^2}{b+2c^2}+\frac{c^2}{c+2a^2}\)
\(=a-\frac{2ab^2}{a+2b^2}+b-\frac{2bc^2}{b+2c^2}+c-\frac{2ca^2}{c+2a^2}=(a+b+c)-2\left(\frac{ab^2}{a+2b^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b+2c^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c+2a^2}\right)\)
\(=3-2M(*)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(M=\frac{ab^2}{a+b^2+b^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b+c^2+c^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c+a^2+a^2}\leq \frac{ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^4}}+\frac{bc^2}{3\sqrt[3]{bc^4}}+\frac{ca^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ca^4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\leq \frac{1}{3}(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}+\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}+\sqrt[3]{c^2a^2})\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}+\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}+\sqrt[3]{c^2a^2}\leq \frac{ab+ab+1}{3}+\frac{bc+bc+1}{3}+\frac{ca+ca+1}{3}=\frac{2(ab+bc+ac)+3}{3}\)
Mà \(ab+bc+ac\leq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}=3\) (quen thuộc)
\(\Rightarrow M\leq \frac{1}{3}.\frac{2.3+3}{3}=1(**)\)
Từ \((*);(**)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 3-2.1=1\)
(đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy -Schwarz:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^3}{a^2+a^2b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+b^2c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+a^2c^2}\geq \frac{(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2}{a^2+a^2b^2+b^2+b^2c^2+c^2+c^2a^2}\)
hay:
\(\text{VT}\geq \frac{(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2}{1+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}(*)\)
Mặt khác, theo BĐT Cauchy ta dễ thấy:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\geq a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (a^2+b^2+c^2)^2\geq 3(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1\geq 3(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\leq \frac{1}{3}(**)\)
Từ \((*);(**)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2}{1+\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Đặt vế trái là T, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b+1}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{b+1}}\ge\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\dfrac{b+1+2}{2}}=\dfrac{a.2\sqrt{2}}{b+3}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{c+1}}\ge\dfrac{b.2\sqrt{2}}{c+3}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{a+1}}\ge\dfrac{c.2\sqrt{2}}{a+3}\)
Cộng vế theo vế các BĐT vừa chứng minh, ta được
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{b+3}+\dfrac{b}{c+3}+\dfrac{c}{a+3}\right)=2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{ab+3a}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+3b}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+3c}\right)\)
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca+3\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+3\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{3^2}{\dfrac{3^2}{3}+9}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
b) Đặt vế trái là N,ta có:
\(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{a^3}{b+3}}=\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{a^4}{ab+3}}=\sum\dfrac{a^2}{\sqrt{ab+3}}=\sum\dfrac{2a^2}{\sqrt{4a\left(b+3\right)}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2a^2}{\dfrac{4a+b+3}{2}}=\sum\dfrac{4a^2}{4a+b+3}\)
\(\sum\dfrac{4a^2}{4a+b+3}\ge\dfrac{\left(2a+2b+2c\right)^2}{4a+b+3+4b+c+3+4c+a+3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Lớp 10 mà k làm dc cái này là phải xem lại nhé
\(a+b+c=2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c-2\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{b}-2\sqrt{c}+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\sqrt{a}+1\right)+\left(b-2\sqrt{b}+1\right)+\left(c-2\sqrt{c}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)^2=0\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)