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Today, population growth largely means urban population growth. United Nation (UN) (0. PROJECT)_projections___ show the world’s rural population has already stopped growing, but the world can expect to add close to 1.5 billion (1. URBAN)__urbanites__ in the next 15 years, and 3 billion by 2050. How the world meets the challenge of sustainable development will be (2. INTIMACY)_intimately__ tied to this process.
For many people, cities represent a world of new opportunities, including jobs. There is a powerful link between urbanization and economic growth. Around the world, tows and cities are responsible for over 80 per cent of the gross national product. While urban poverty is growing around the world, this is largely because many people – including the poor – are moving to urban areas.
The opportunities there extend beyond just jobs. Cities also offer greater opportunities for (3. SOCIETY)_social___ mobilization and women’s empowerment. Many young people, especially young women, regard the move to cities as an opportunity to escape traditional patriarchy and experience new freedoms. Urban areas also offer greater access to education and health services, including sexual and reproductive health care, further (4. PROMOTE)__promoting__ women’s empowerment and the realization of their reproductive right. This contributes to significantly reduces (5. FERTILE)_fertility__ in urban areas changing the trajectory of overall population growth.
This process, which is particularly (6. PRONUNCIATION)__pronounced__ in Africa and Asia, where much of the world’s population growth is taking place, is also an enormous opportunity for sustainability if the right policies are put in place. Urban living has the potential to use resources more (7. EFFICIENCY)_efficiently__, to create more sustainable land use and to protect the (8. DIVERSE) _biodiversity__ of natural ecosystems.
Still, the face of (9. EQUAL)_inequality__ is increasingly an urban one. Too many urban residents grapple with extreme poverty, (10. EXCLUDE)__exclusion___, vulnerability and marginalization.
I. put the words in parentheses inyo their correct form.
1. My English friends find driving on the right__difficult__(difficulty)
2. The people in the area need the ___provision___ of food and pure water.(provide)
3 One of the ___strongest____ English is that it is becoming more and more international. (strong)
4. _____designers___ made different styles of jeans to match the 1960s' fashions. (design)
II. Read the following passage, then choose the correct answer to questions.
Today, supermarkets are found in almost every large city in the world. But the first supermarket (1)___________ opened only fifty years ago. It was opened in New York by a man named Micheal Cullen. A supermarket is different (2) ________ other types of stores in several ways. In supermarkets, goods are placed on open shelves. The (3) __________ choose what they want and take them to be checkout counter. This means that fewer shop assistants are needed thanin other stores. The way products are displayed is another difference between supermarkets and many other types of stores (4) __________ example, in supermarket, there is usually a display of smallinexpensive items just in front of the checkout counter: candies, chocolates, magazines, cheap food and so on.
Most customers (5) ___________ go to a supermarket buy goods from a shopping list. They know exactly what they need to buy. They do the shopping according to a plan.
1. A. is B. has been C. was D. were
2. A. in B. from C. of D. with
3.A. customers B. managers C. assistants D. sellers
4.A. in B. for C. of D. by
5.A. whom B. what C. which D. who
Question 1: Supply the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. It is crucial that Dido stops using Quang Ha
2. I will ring the bell one more time. If he doesn't answer, I think he must have gone out
3. I am sorry about the noise last night. We were having a party
4. The man who was rescued had been in the sea for ten hours
5. A great deal of time is being spent on his exercis
6. We want to be paid better wages
7. People always blame their circumstances for what they are
8. You will be stopped by a policeman if you try to cross the road now
Question 2: Use the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the following passage.
1. refusal 2. communication 3. pollution 4. thoughtless 5. neighborhood
6. action 7. suggestions 8. politely 9. successful 10. advice
Question 3: Fill in each numbered blank with a suitable word
1. place 2. these 3. more 4. which 5. several
6. phrases 7. Second 8. used 9. an 10. help
Question 4: Read the text then choose the correct answer
1B 2C 3C 4D
Question 5: a/ Each line in the following passage has a spare word; Underline that word and write it in the blanks given.
0. for 1. for 2. much 3. time 4. today 5. lot
6. with 7. more 8. it 9. have 10. able
b/ Fill in the blanks with a suitable prepositions
1. George fell off the ladder while he was painting the ceiling
2. We stopped everyone from leaving the building
3. Admission to university depends on examination results
4. Don't use that dictionary. It is out of date. Find one that is up to date
Question 6: Do as directed
1. Not only did my friend have excellent ideas, but he did a good job as well
2. Neither his explanation nor the examples he gives are clear
3. It is said that the price of gold is going up
4. He asked me when I would give that book back to him
5. Seldom years ago did people travel far from home
6. He was given a gift, and you were as well
7. No matter how intelligent you may be, you should be careful about this
8. He made a great discovery and was very proud of it
9. Lan found difficulty in accepting the situation
10. Thanks to the new technology applied in their fields, the farmers raised the output of rice
D. Use the word given in the bracket to form a word that fits the gap in the passage. (1.0 pt)
In Britain, what is described as “food miles”, the distance which food is transported from the place where it is grown to its point of sale, continues to rise. This has major economic, social and environmental consequences, given the traffic congestion and pollution which (67.variable) ____________invariably________________ follow.
According to (68. press) __________pressure__________________ groups, the same amount of food is travelling 50 per cent further than twenty years ago. What’s more, the rise in the demand for road haulage over this period has mostly been due to the transport of food and drink. The groups assert that the increase in the number of lorry journeys is (69. exceed) excessive and that many of these are far from (70. essence) ________essential____________________ .
In the distribution systems employed by British food (71. retail) _____________retailers_______________ , fleets of lorries bring all goods into more (72. centre) __________centrally__________________located warehouses for redistribution across the country.
(73. Logic) ___________illogical_________________ as this might appear, the situation whereby some goods get sent back to the same areas from which they came is (74. avoid) __________unavoidable__________________ .
In response to scathing (75. critic) _______criticism_____________________ from environmentalists, some food distributors now aim to minimize the impact of food miles by routing vehicles, wherever possible, on motorways after dark. This encourages greater energy (76. efficient) _____effeciency_______________________ whilst also reducing the impact on the residential areas through which they would otherwise pass.
67. invariably
68. pressure
69. excessive
70. essential
71. retailers
72. centrally
73. illogical
74. unavoidable
75. critism
76. efficiency