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Ta có từ n3 + 1 đến (n + 1)3 - 1 có
(n + 1)3 - 1 - n3 - 1 + 1 = 3n2 + 3n số có phần nguyên bằng n
Áp dụng vào cái ban đầu ta có
\(=\frac{3.1^2+3.1}{1}+\frac{3.2^2+3.2}{2}+...+\frac{3.2011^2+3.2011}{2011}\)
= 3.1 + 3 + 3.2 + 3 + ...+ 3.2011 + 3
= 3.2011 + 3(1 + 2 +...+ 2011)
= 6075231
chỗ \(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\)phải là \(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\)
a, Ta có
\(\frac{2}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{2\cdot\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{2n+1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n+1}}< \frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n}}\)
mà \(\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n}}=\frac{2\cdot\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}-\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
b, áp dụng bđt ta có
\(\frac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{4023\cdot\left(\sqrt{2011}+\sqrt{2012}\right)}< \frac{2011}{2013}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot1+1\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot2+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot2011+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2011}-\sqrt{2012}\right)}\)
\(< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)..
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{\sqrt{2012}-1}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{2011}{\sqrt{2012}\cdot\left(\sqrt{2012}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2011}{2012+\sqrt{2012}}< \frac{2011}{2013}\)
Nhận xét: \(\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}=\sqrt{\left(n+1\right)^2n}=\sqrt{\left(n+1\right)n\left(n+1\right)};n\sqrt{n+1}=\sqrt{n^2\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n.n\left(n+1\right)}\)
=> \(\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}>n\sqrt{n+1}\) => \(2.\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}>\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}\)
=> \(\frac{2}{2.\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}<\frac{2}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}.\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}<\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}.\left(\left(\sqrt{n+1}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{n}\right)^2\right)}=2.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Áp dụng ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}<2.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\)
....
\(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}<2.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}<2.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
=> A < \(2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)<2\)
Vậy A < 2
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)\(=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)<2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Dễ dàng giải tiếp bài toán
Bài 1:
\(A=\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{2+3-2\sqrt{2.3}}+\sqrt{2+3+2\sqrt{2.3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3})^2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2}\)
\(=|\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}|+|\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}|=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}\)
\(B=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}).\sqrt{3+5-2\sqrt{3.5}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})=\sqrt{2}(5-3)=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(C=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}\)
\(C^2=8+2\sqrt{(4+\sqrt{7})(4-\sqrt{7})}=8+2\sqrt{4^2-7}=8+2.3=14\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\sqrt{14}\)
\(D=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{5+1-2\sqrt{5.1}}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}\)
\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1)^2=(3+\sqrt{5})(6-2\sqrt{5})=2(3+\sqrt{5})(3-\sqrt{5})=2(3^2-5)=8\)
Bài 2:
a) Bạn xem lại đề.
b) \(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y=(\sqrt{x})^2-2\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+(\sqrt{y})^2=(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2\)
c)
\(\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}-6=(\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{x})-(3\sqrt{y}+6)\)
\(=\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{y}+2)-3(\sqrt{y}+2)=(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{y}+2)\)
tick tôi nha
A=75 đó tick tôi các bạn ơi
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