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\(\sqrt{x^2-3x+2}-\sqrt{x+3}=\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x^2+2x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2-3x+2}-\sqrt{x-2}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^2+2x-3}+\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2-3x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+2}+\sqrt{x-2}}-\dfrac{\left(x^2+2x-3\right)-\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+2x-3}-\sqrt{x+3}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}+\sqrt{x-2}}-\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}-\sqrt{x+3}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x-2}\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)}-\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x+3}}{\sqrt{x-1}-1}\right]=0\)
Pt \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x+3}}{\sqrt{x-1}-1}=0\) vô no
(vì \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}< \dfrac{\sqrt{x+3}}{\sqrt{x-1}-1}\forall x\ge2\Rightarrow VT< 0\))
=> x - 2 = 0
<=> x = 2 (nhận)
\(\sqrt{4x+1}-\sqrt{3x-2}=\dfrac{x+3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(4x+1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}-\dfrac{x+3}{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}-\dfrac{x+3}{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
TH1:
x + 3 = 0
<=> x = - 3 (loại)
TH2:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}-\dfrac{1}{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x+1}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{3x-2}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x+1-9}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}+\dfrac{3x-2-4}{\sqrt{3x-2}+2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}+\dfrac{3\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{3x-2}+2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x-2}+2}\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
Pt \(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x-2}+2}>0\forall x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\) => vô no
=> x - 2 = 0
<=> x = 2 (nhận)
~ ~ ~
Vậy x = 2
\(3\sqrt{x^2}=12\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2}=4\Rightarrow x^2=16\Rightarrow x=+-4\)
\(\sqrt{x-2}=4\Rightarrow x-2=16\Rightarrow x=18\)
\(\sqrt{2x-3}=3\Rightarrow2x-3=9\Rightarrow2x=12\Rightarrow x=6\)
\(\sqrt{4x}=6\Rightarrow4x=36\Rightarrow x=9\)
Bài 1:
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}=B+C\)
\(B=\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)+2\sqrt{\left(a-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)}+\left(a-\sqrt{b}\right)}{4}}=\frac{1}{2}.\sqrt{\left[\sqrt{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)}+\sqrt{\left(a-\sqrt{b}\right)}\right]^2}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{2}\left[\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{a-\sqrt{b}}\right]\)(1)
\(C=\sqrt{\frac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}=\frac{1}{2}.!\left[\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}-\sqrt{a-\sqrt{b}}\right]!\) do \(a\ge\sqrt{b}\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow C=\frac{1}{2}\left[\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}-\sqrt{a-\sqrt{b}}\right]\)(2)
(1) cộng (2)=> dpcm
Bài 1:
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x\geq \frac{-3}{2}\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+5-2\sqrt{2x+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1+(2x+3)-2\sqrt{2x+3}+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+1)^2+(\sqrt{2x+3}-1)^2=0\)
Vì $(x+1)^2\geq 0; (\sqrt{2x+3}-1)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x\geq \frac{-3}{2}$ nên để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì $(x+1)^2=(\sqrt{2x+3}-1)^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=-1$
Vậy $x=-1$
b) ĐKXĐ: \(x^2-4x-8\geq 0\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow 2(x^2-4x-8)-3\sqrt{x^2-4x-8}=2\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-4x-8}=a(a\geq 0)\) thì PT trở thành:
\(2a^2-3a=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2a^2-3a-2=0\Leftrightarrow (a-2)(2a+1)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=2\) (do $a\geq 0$)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-8=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-12=0\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=6\\ x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) (đều thỏa mãn)
Bài 2:
\(199-2x-x^2=200-(x^2+2x+1)=200-(x+1)^2\leq 200, \forall x\in\mathbb{Z}\)
\(\Rightarrow 4y^2=2+\sqrt{199-2x-x^2}\leq 2+\sqrt{200}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\leq \frac{2+\sqrt{200}}{4}< 9\)
\(\Rightarrow -3< y< 3\). Mà $y$ nguyên nên $y\in\left\{-2;-1;0;1;2\right\}$
Thay từng giá trị của $y$ vào PT ban đầu ta tìm được các cặp $(x,y)$ sau:
$(x,y)=(1,\pm 2); (-3,\pm 2); (13,\pm 1); (-15,\pm 1)$
2,\(pt\Leftrightarrow12\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)+x^2+x-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12\cdot\frac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+\left(x-3\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\frac{12}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+x+4\right)=0\)
Vì \(\left(\frac{12}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+x+4\right)\ge0\left(\forall x>-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
ĐKXĐ : -1 <= x <= 3
XH : \(\left(-x^2+4x+12\right)-\left(x^2+2x+3\right)=2x+9>0\)
=> VT > 0
VÌ -1 <=x <=3 => VT = \(\sqrt{x+2}\sqrt{6-x}-\sqrt{x+1}.\sqrt{3-x}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left(ab-cd\right)^2\le\left(a^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2-d^2\right)\) ta có :
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{x+2}\sqrt{6-x}-\sqrt{x+1}\sqrt{3-x}\right)^2\ge\left(x+2-x-1\right)\left(6-x-3+x\right)=1.3=3\)
=> VT \(\ge\sqrt{3}\) dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left(x+2\right)\left(6-x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(3-x\right)\) <=> x = 0
VP = \(\sqrt{3}-x^2\le\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x = 0
Để VT bằng VP => x = 0