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a) (4x2 – 9y2) : (2x – 3y) = [(2x)2 – (3y)2] : (2x – 3y) = 2x + 3y;
b) (27x3 – 1) : (3x – 1) = [(3x)3 – 1] : (3x – 1) = (3x)2 + 3x + 1 = 9x2 + 3x + 1
c) (8x3 + 1) : (4x2 – 2x + 1) = [(2x)3 + 1] : (4x2 – 2x + 1)
= (2x + 1)[(2x)2 – 2x + 1] : (4x2 – 2x + 1)
= (2x + 1)(4x2 – 2x + 1) : (4x2 – 2x + 1) = 2x + 1
d) (x2 – 3x + xy -3y) : (x + y)
= [(x2 + xy) – (3x + 3y)] : (x + y)
= [x(x + y) – 3(x + y)] : (x + y)
= (x + y)(x – 3) : (x + y)
= x – 3.
Tính nhanh:
a) (4x2 – 9y2) : (2x – 3y); b) (27x3 – 1) : (3x – 1);
c) (8x3 + 1) : (4x2 – 2x + 1); d) (x2 – 3x + xy -3y) : (x + y)
Bài giải:
a) (4x2 – 9y2) : (2x – 3y) = [(2x)2 – (3y)2] : (2x – 3y) = 2x + 3y;
b) (27x3 – 1) : (3x – 1) = [(3x)3 – 1] : (3x – 1) = (3x)2 + 3x + 1 = 9x2 + 3x + 1
c) (8x3 + 1) : (4x2 – 2x + 1) = [(2x)3 + 1] : (4x2 – 2x + 1)
= (2x + 1)[(2x)2 – 2x + 1] : (4x2 – 2x + 1)
= (2x + 1)(4x2 – 2x + 1) : (4x2 – 2x + 1) = 2x + 1
d) (x2 – 3x + xy -3y) : (x + y)
= [(x2 + xy) – (3x + 3y)] : (x + y)
= [x(x + y) – 3(x + y)] : (x + y)
= (x + y)(x – 3) : (x + y)
= x – 3.
a) \(2x\left(4x^2-1\right)\)
\(=8x^3-2x\)
b) \(\left(6y^3+3y^2-9y\right):3y\)
\(=2y^2+y-3\)
Ta có: \(4x^2-9y^2\\ =\left(2x\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\\ =\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)\)
Vậy: Chọn D
c: =>(2x+3y-1)^2+(2x-3y)=0
=>2x-3y=0 và 2x+3y=1
=>x=1/4; y=1/6
d: =>2y-3=0 và 2x+3y-1=0
=>y=3/2 và 2x=1-3y=1-9/2=-7/2
=>x=-7/4 và y=3/2
a: \(=x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3-64+3x^2-3x\)
=-65
b \(=8x^3+27y^3-8x^3+27y^3-54y^3+27\)
=27
c: \(=y\left(x^4-y^4\right)-y\left(x^4-y^4\right)=0\)
d: \(=x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+1-3x\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=-3x^2+3x-3x+3x^2=0\)
\(a,\left(2x+5\right)\left(4x^2-10x+25\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+5\right)\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2x.5+5^2\right]\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3+5^3=8x^3+125\)
\(b,\left(2x+3y\right)\left(4x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3y\right)\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2x.3y+\left(3y\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3+\left(3y\right)^3=8x^3+27y^3\)
57) (2x + 5)(4x2 - 10x + 25)
= 2x.4x2 + 2x.(-10x) + 2x.25 + 5.4x2 + 5.(-10x) + 5.25
= 8x3 - 20x2 + 50x + 20x2 - 50x + 125
= 8x3 + (-20x2 + 20x2) + (50x - 50x) + 125
= 8x3 + 125
59) làm tương tự
\(4x^2-9xy-9y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3y\right)\left(4x+3y\right)=0\)
làm nốt
1. \(4x^2-2x-3y-9y^2\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2-\left(2x+3y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)-\left(2x+3y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3y\right)\left(2x-3y-1\right)\)
2. \(x^2-25=6x-9\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-6x+9=25\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-3=5\\x-3=-5\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=8\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
\(\left(2x+3y\right)\left(4x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)-\left(2x-3y\right)\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3y\right)\left(2x-3y\right)^2-\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)\left(2x-3y-2x-3y\right)\)
\(=-\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)\cdot6y\)
(4x2 – 9y2) : (2x – 3y)
(Sử dụng HĐT để phân tích số bị chia thành tích)
= [(2x)2 – (3y)2] : (2x – 3y)
(Xuất hiện hằng đẳng thức (3))
= (2x – 3y)(2x + 3y) : (2x – 3y)
= 2x + 3y.