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a: \(0.2=\dfrac{2}{10}\)
10>7
=>\(\dfrac{2}{10}< \dfrac{2}{7}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2}{7}>0.2\)
b: \(-\dfrac{1^5}{6}=\dfrac{-1}{6}=\dfrac{-3}{18}\)
\(\dfrac{8}{-9}=-\dfrac{16}{18}\)
mà -3>-16
nên \(-\dfrac{1^5}{6}>\dfrac{8}{-9}\)
c: \(\dfrac{2017}{2016}>1\)
\(1>\dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2017}{2016}>\dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
d: \(-\dfrac{249}{333}=\dfrac{-249:3}{333:3}=\dfrac{-83}{111}\)
e: \(\dfrac{5^1}{3}=\dfrac{5}{3}=\dfrac{15}{9}\)
\(\dfrac{4^8}{9}=\dfrac{65536}{9}\)
mà 15<65536
nên \(\dfrac{5^1}{3}< \dfrac{4^8}{9}\)
f: 13,589<13,612
a) ta có: \(1-\frac{2016}{2017}=\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{2017}{2018}=\frac{1}{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2017}>\frac{1}{2018}\Rightarrow1-\frac{2016}{2017}>1-\frac{2017}{2018}\Rightarrow\frac{2016}{2017}< \frac{2017}{2018}\)
b) ta có: \(\frac{2017}{2016}-1=\frac{1}{2016};\frac{2018}{2017}-1=\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2016}>\frac{1}{2017}\Rightarrow\frac{2017}{2016}-1>\frac{2018}{2017}-1\Rightarrow\frac{2017}{2016}>\frac{2018}{2017}\)
Bài 1 :
a, Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(ad< bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\rightarrowđpcm\)
b) \(\dfrac{-1}{3}=\dfrac{-16}{48}< \dfrac{-15}{48};\dfrac{-14}{48};\dfrac{-13}{48}< \dfrac{-12}{48}=\dfrac{-1}{4}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A=\dfrac{10^{2017}+1}{10^{2016}+1}>1\\B=\dfrac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2017}+1}>1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng tính chất \(\dfrac{a}{b}>1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+m}{b+m}\) ta có :
\(B=\dfrac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2017}+1}>\dfrac{10^{2018}+1+9}{10^{2017}+1+9}=\dfrac{10^{2018}+10}{10^{2017}+10}=\dfrac{10\left(10^{2017}+1\right)}{10\left(10^{2016}+1\right)}=\dfrac{10^{2017}+1}{10^{2016}+1}=A\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B>A\)
ta xét \(\frac{2016}{2017}+\frac{2017}{2018}=\frac{2016.2018}{2017.2018}+\frac{2017.2017}{2017.2018}\)
\(=\frac{2016.2018+2017.2017}{2017.2018}\)
Ta thấy \(2016+2017< 2016.2018+2017.2017\)
và \(2017+2018< 2017.2018\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2016+2017}{2017+2017}< \frac{2016}{2017}+\frac{2017}{2018}\)
lấy 2016+2017/2017+2018-2016/2017+2017/2018=0.(9)==>2016+2017/2017+2018>2016/2017+2017/2018
\(\frac{B}{A}=\frac{\frac{2^{2017}-3}{2^{2016}-1}}{\frac{2^{2018}-3}{2^{2017}-1}}=\frac{2^{2017}-3}{2^{2016}-1}\cdot\frac{2^{2017}-1}{2^{2018}-3}\)
\(=\frac{2^{4034}-4.2^{2017}+3}{2^{4034}-3.2^{2016}-2^{2018}+3}\)
Ta có: 4.22017 = 22019
3.22016 + 22018 < 4.22016 + 22018 = 2.22018 = 22019
=> 4.22017 > 3.22016 + 22018
=> - 4.22017 < - 3.22016 - 22018
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2^{4034}-4.2^{2017}+3}{2^{4034}-3.2^{2016}-2^{2018}+3}< 1\)
=> B < A
Ta có: \(\dfrac{2016}{2017}=1-\dfrac{1}{2017}\)
\(\dfrac{2017}{2018}=1-\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2017}>\dfrac{1}{2018}\) => \(\dfrac{2016}{2017}< \dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-\dfrac{2016}{2017}=\dfrac{1}{2017}\\1-\dfrac{2017}{2018}=\dfrac{1}{2018}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2017}>\dfrac{1}{2018}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2016}{2017}< \dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{2^{2018}-3}{2^{2017}-1}.\frac{1}{2}=\frac{2^{2018}-3}{2^{2018}-2}=\frac{2^{2018}-2-1}{2^{2018}-2}=1-\frac{1}{2^{2018}-2}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{2}B=1-\frac{1}{2^{2017}-2}\)
Vì \(2^{2018}>2^{2017}\)\(\Rightarrow2^{2018}-2>2^{2017}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^{2018}-2}< \frac{1}{2^{2017}-2}\)\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{2^{2018}-2}>1-\frac{1}{2^{2017}-2}\)
hay \(\frac{1}{2}A>\frac{1}{2}B\)\(\Rightarrow A>B\)( vì \(\frac{1}{2}>0\))
Vậy \(A>B\)
