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\({x^2} = {4^2} + {2^2} = 20 \Rightarrow x = 2\sqrt 5 \)
\({y^2} = {5^2} - {4^2} = 9 \Leftrightarrow y = 3\)
\({z^2} = {\left( {\sqrt 5 } \right)^2} + {\left( {2\sqrt 5 } \right)^2} = 25 \Rightarrow z = 5\)
\({t^2} = {1^2} + {2^2} = 5 \Rightarrow t = \sqrt 5 \)
Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x};b=\dfrac{1}{y};c=\dfrac{1}{z}\Rightarrow xyz=1\) và \(x;y;z>0\)
Gọi biểu thức cần tìm GTNN là P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{x^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{y^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{z^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3yz}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^3zx}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^3xy}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+z+x+x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
Những tam giác đồng dạng là
- Tam giác ABC đồng dạng với tam giác EDF với tỉ số đồng dạng là 1
- Tam giác MPN đồng dạng với tam giác ABC với tỉ số đồng dạng là \(\frac{1}{2}\)
- Tam giác MPN đồng dạng với tam giác EDF với tỉ số đồng dạng là \(\frac{1}{2}\)
a.
\(A=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x}+\dfrac{x+2}{x}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x}\right).\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x+1}\)
2.
\(x^3-4x^3+3x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-4x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(x=3\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^2+3.3+1}{3+1}=\dfrac{19}{4}\)
Bài 4:
a. Vì $\triangle ABC\sim \triangle A'B'C'$ nên:
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AC}{A'C'}(1)$ và $\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}$
$\frac{DB}{DC}=\frac{D'B'}{D'C}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{BC}=\frac{D'B'}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}$
Xét tam giác $ABD$ và $A'B'D'$ có:
$\widehat{ABD}=\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}=\widehat{A'B'D'}$
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BD}{B'D'}$
$\Rightarrow \triangle ABD\sim \triangle A'B'D'$ (c.g.c)
b.
Từ tam giác đồng dạng phần a và (1) suy ra:
$\frac{AD}{A'D'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow AD.B'C'=BC.A'D'$
4. \(x^2-3x+xy-3y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)+y\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
5. \(x^2-8x-3x+24=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-8\right)-3\left(x-8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-8\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-8=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
6. \(\left(x-2\right)^2-5\left(2-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+5\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-2+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-2+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
7. \(3x\left(x-1\right)-x^2+2x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[3x-\left(x-1\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
8. \(x^2\left(x-3\right)+18-6x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)-6\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x^2-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=\pm\sqrt{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
10. \(\left(x-5\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x-5\right)-\left(x-2\right)\right]\left[\left(x-5\right)+\left(x-2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5-x+2\right)\left(x-5+x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\left(2x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{2}\)
12. \(x^2\left(x-3\right)-4x+12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
14. \(3x^2-7x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+3x-10x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x+1\right)-10\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\3x-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{10}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
#Urushi
4: x^2-3x+xy-3y=0
=>x(x-3)+y(x-3)=0
=>(x-3)(x+y)=0
=>x=3 và x+y=0
=>x=3 và y=-3
6: (x-2)^2-5(2-x)=0
=>(x-2)^2+5(x-2)=0
=>(x-2)(x-2+5)=0
=>(x-2)(x+3)=0
=>x=-3 hoặc x=2
8: x^2(x-3)+18-6x=0
=>x^2(x-3)-6(x-3)=0
=>(x-3)(x^2-6)=0
=>x=3 hoặc \(x=\pm\sqrt{6}\)
10: (x-5)^2-(x-2)^2=0
=>(x-5-x+2)(x-5+x-2)=0
=>-3(2x-7)=0
=>2x-7=0
=>x=7/2
12: x^2(x-3)-4x+12=0
=>x^2(x-3)-4(x-3)=0
=>(x-3)(x^2-4)=0
=>(x-3)(x-2)(x+2)=0
=>\(x\in\left\{3;2;-2\right\}\)
14: 3x^2-7x-10=0
=>3x^2-10x+3x-10=0
=>(3x-10)(x+1)=0
=>x=10/3 hoặc x=-1