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\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=t\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=r\left(mol\right)\\ \left(t,r>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27t+56r=8,3\\1,5t+r=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=0,1\\r=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right);m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddFeCl_2}=127.0,1=12,7\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=300.1,15=345\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=8,3+345-0,25.2=352,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,25.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{352,8}.100\approx1,035\%\\ C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{352,8}.100\approx3,784\%\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{12,7}{352,8}.100\approx3,6\%\)
a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
nH2 = 0,15mol => nAl=0,1mol => mAl=2,7g; mAl2O3 = 10,2g => nAl2O3 = 0,1mol
=>%mAl=20,93% =>%mAl2O3 = 79,07%
b) nHCl = 0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9 mol=>mHCl(dd)=100g
mddY=12,9+100-0,15.2=112,6g
mAlCl3=22,5g=>C%=19,98%
1) Ptpư:
2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
Cu + HCl \(\rightarrow\) không phản ứng
=> 0,6 gam chất rắn còn lại chính là Cu:
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol Al, Fe
Ta có:
3x + 2y = 2.0,06 = 0,12
27x + 56 y = 2,25 – 0,6 = 1,65
=> x = 0,03 (mol) ; y = 0,015 (mol)
=> \(\%Cu=\frac{0,6}{2,25}.100\%=26,67\%\); \(\%Fe=\frac{56.0,015}{2,25}.100\%=37,33\%\); %Al = 36%
2) \(n_{SO_2}=\frac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06mol\); m (dd KOH) = 13,95.1,147 = 16 (gam)
=> mKOH = 0,28.16 = 4,48 (gam)=> nKOH = 0,08 (mol)=> \(1<\)\(\frac{n_{KOH}}{n_{SO_2}}<2\)
=> tạo ra hỗn hợp 2 muối: KHSO3: 0,04 (mol) và K2SO3: 0,02 (mol)
Khối lượng dung dịch sau pu = 16 + 0,06.64 = 19,84 gam
=> \(C\%\left(KHSO_3\right)=\frac{0,04.120}{19,84}.100\%\)\(=24,19\%\)
\(C\%\left(K_2SO_3\right)=\frac{0,02.158}{19,84}.100\%\)\(=15,93\%\)
a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,28}{22,4}=0,325mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(mol\right)\) \(\rightarrow27x+65y=10,55\left(g\right)\) (1)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
x 1/2 x 3/2 x ( mol )
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
y y y ( mol )
\(\rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,325\left(mol\right)\) (2)
\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{10,55}.100\%=38,38\%\\\%m_{Zn}=100\%-38,38\%=61,62\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,15=0,075\\n_{ZnSO_4}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,8}=0,09M\\C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,8}=0,125M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\%m_{MgO}=56,66\%\)
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3}=43,34\%\)