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\(n_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{3,4}{85}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{5,22}{261}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ \left[Na^+\right]=\left[NaNO_3\right]=\dfrac{0,04}{0,5}=0,08\left(M\right)\\ \left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\left[Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,5}=0,04\left(M\right)\\ \left[NO^-_3\right]=0,08+0,04.2=0,16\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{1,17}{58,5}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{2,08}{208}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ \left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1}=0,2\left(M\right)\\ \left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,01}{0,1}=0,1\left(M\right)\\ \left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,02+0,01.2}{0,1}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{OH^-}=n_{NaOH}=0,3.1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H^+}=n_{HCl}+2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2x+0,5.0,2.2=0,2x+0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT ion rút gọn: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
0,45<---0,45
\(\Rightarrow0,2x+0,2=0,45\Leftrightarrow x=1,25M\)
Ta có: \(V_{dd}=0,3+0,2=0,5\left(l\right)\) và \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na^+}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cl^-}=0,2.1,25=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{Na^+}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,5}=0,9M\\C_{Cl^-}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5M\\C_{SO_4^{2-}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{58,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)=\left[Na^+\right]=\left[Cl^-\right]\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{34,2}{171}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=0,4\left(M\right)\\\left[OH^-\right]=0,8\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,025\cdot2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,125+0,025}\approx0,33\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[H^+\right]=0,66\left(M\right)\\\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,33\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,74}{174}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,4}=0,025M\)
Phương trình điện li: \(K_2SO_4\rightarrow2K^++SO_4^{2-}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[K^+\right]=2C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=0,05M\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2+}\right]=C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=0,025M\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,12}{106}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddNa_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,02}{2}=0,01\left(M\right)\)