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Theo đề bài ta có : \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+4ab^2c+4abc^2+4a^2bc\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\left(2\right)\)
Thế(2) vào (1) Ta được \(2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\)( ĐPCM)
Bài 1:
Ta có:
\(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)-\left(a-b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2-\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2-a^2+2ab-b^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0\)
Vì hai số đối nhau là hai số có tổng bằng 0
Vậy a và b là hai số đối nhau
Bài 2:
Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ac\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi a và b
\(\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi a và c
\(\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi b và c
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi a, b, c
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-c=0\\b-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\a=c\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy a = b = c
Bài 3:
Sửa đề:
\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(ax+by\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+2axby\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2y^2+b^2x^2=2axby\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2y^2-2axby+b^2x^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ay-bx=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ay=bx\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}\)
1a)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
2a)\(a^2+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}b\cdot a+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)Đã cm
c)\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2\ge2ab+2a+2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=1
Vì \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=\left(-2ab-2bc-2ca\right)^2\)
Đến đó bạn dùng hằng đẳng thức (a+b)2 để làm tiếp nha
Lại copy!!!
Giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski
Xét cặp số \(\left(1,1,1\right)\) và \(\left(a,b,c\right)\) ta có:
\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(1.a+1.b+1.c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+ac+bc\) (Đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Từ a+b+c=6 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b=6-c
Ta có: ab+bc+ac=9\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab+c(a+b)=9
\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab=9-c(a+b)
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-c(6-c)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-6c+c2
Ta có: (b-a)2\(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)b, c
\(\Rightarrow\)b2+a2-2ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(b+a)2-4ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(a+b)2\(\ge\)4ab
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
ab= 9-6c+c2 (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)(6-c)2\(\ge\)4(9-6c+c2)
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c\(\ge\)36-24c+4c2
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c-36+24c-4c2\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)-3c2+12c\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c2-12c\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}}\)hoặc\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\le0\\c-4\ge0\end{cases}}\)
*\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c\le4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}0\le c\le4}\)
*
a) \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng với mọi a,b,c)
b)\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Câu a :
Ta có :
\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Câu b :
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) ( đúng )
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta có : \(2016a+bc=\left(a+b+c\right).a+bc=a^2+ab+ac+bc=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
\(2016b+ac=\left(a+b+c\right).b+ac=ab+b^2+bc+ac=b\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(2016c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab=ac+bc+c^2+ab=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2016a+bc\right)\left(2016b+ac\right)\left(2016c+ab\right)=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\) (đpcm)