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a)
i) Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}=\frac{d}{c}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}+1=\frac{d}{c}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{a}=\frac{d}{c}+\frac{c}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+a}{a}=\frac{d+c}{c}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}\left(đpcm\right).\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Lời giải:
a)
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt, c=dt$
i. Khi đó:
$\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bt}{bt+b}=\frac{bt}{b(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(1)$
$\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dt}{dt+d}=\frac{dt}{d(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
ii.
$\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{bt-b}{dt-d}=\frac{b(t-1)}{d(t-1)}=\frac{b}{d}(3)$
$\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{bt+b}{dt+d}=\frac{b(t+1)}{d(t+1)}=\frac{b}{d}(4)$
Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
b)
Từ $\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\Rightarrow (2a+b)(c-2d)=(a-2b)(2c+d)$
$\Leftrightarrow 2ac-4ad+bc-2bd=2ac+ad-4bc-2bd$
$\Leftrightarrow 5bc=5ad\Leftrightarrow bc=ad\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}$
Ta có đpcm.
Lời giải:
a)
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt, c=dt$
i. Khi đó:
$\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bt}{bt+b}=\frac{bt}{b(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(1)$
$\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dt}{dt+d}=\frac{dt}{d(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
ii.
$\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{bt-b}{dt-d}=\frac{b(t-1)}{d(t-1)}=\frac{b}{d}(3)$
$\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{bt+b}{dt+d}=\frac{b(t+1)}{d(t+1)}=\frac{b}{d}(4)$
Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
b)
Từ $\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\Rightarrow (2a+b)(c-2d)=(a-2b)(2c+d)$
$\Leftrightarrow 2ac-4ad+bc-2bd=2ac+ad-4bc-2bd$
$\Leftrightarrow 5bc=5ad\Leftrightarrow bc=ad\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}$
Ta có đpcm.
a)
i) theo đề ta có ad=bc
ta có a(c+d) = ac+ad
ta có (a+b)c = ac+bc
mà ad = bc
\(\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}\)
các bạn ơi mình không hiểu sao câu ii mình ra thế này
ii) đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=m\)\(\Rightarrow\)a=mb ; c=dm
Ta có \(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\)= \(\frac{mb-b}{md-d}\)=\(\frac{b\left(m-1\right)}{d\left(m-1\right)}\)=\(\frac{b}{d}\)
Ta có \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)=\(\frac{mb+md}{b+d}\)=m
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-b^2}{bk\cdot b}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{b^2k}=\dfrac{k^2-1}{k}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2-d^2}{cd}=\dfrac{d^2k^2-d^2}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\cdot k}=\dfrac{k^2-1}{k}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\)
b: \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk+b\right)^2}{b^2k^2+b^2}=\dfrac{b^2\cdot\left(k+1\right)^2}{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2+1}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(dk+d\right)^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Câu a)
\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-2b}{c-2d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right).\left(c-2d\right)=\left(a-2b\right).\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a.\left(c-2d\right)+b.\left(c-2d\right)=a.\left(c+d\right)-2b.\left(c+d\right)\)\(\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac-2ad+bc-2bd=ac+ad-2bc-2bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc-2ad=ad-2bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc+2bc=ad+2ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3bc=3ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc=ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Câu b)
Ta có : \(a+d=b+c\Rightarrow\left(a+d\right)^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ad+d^2=b^2+2bc+c^2\) (*)
Lại có : \(a^2+d^2=b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ad=2bc\) ( bớt cả hai vế của đẳng thức (*) đi \(a^2+d^2\) và \(b^2+c^2\))
\(\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
Vậy : 4 số a, b, c, d có thể lập được 1 tỉ lệ thức \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\).
Theo đề bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)=\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2\)(*)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}\)=\(\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)=\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra:
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2\)=\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(đpcm)
a)\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.b}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2k^2-b^2}{d^2k^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(2\right)\)
từ\(\left(1\right)\)và\(\left(2\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)
ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(1\right)\)
mà \(\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)
Từ (1) \(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\frac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\)
ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b^2\right)}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
