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1a) \(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{8}}.\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}}.\sqrt{2-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{8}}.\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}\right)\left(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{8}}.\sqrt{4-2-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{8}}.\sqrt{2-\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(4+\sqrt{8}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{8-4\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{16}+2\sqrt{8}}\)
\(=\sqrt{8-4\sqrt{2}-4+4\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4}=2\)
1b) \(\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{4+4\sqrt{3}+3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-20-10\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{28-10\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{25-10\sqrt{3}+3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+25-5\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{25}=5\)
1: \(=3+2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}-2=1+2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)
2: \(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}{2}-\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3\sqrt{7}-3\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{7}-2}{6}=\dfrac{-5\sqrt{7}-3\sqrt{5}-2}{6}\)
3: \(=-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}-\dfrac{-2\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}-3\sqrt{2}}{2}=-\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{100}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}+...+\dfrac{\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99}}{\left(\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{100}\right)\left(\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99}\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{2-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+...+\dfrac{\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99}}{100-99}\)
\(P=\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99}\)
\(P=-1+\sqrt{100}=-1+10=9\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{5}}{2+\sqrt{5}+1}+\dfrac{2-\sqrt{5}}{2-\sqrt{5}+1}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)+\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}{4}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\cdot\dfrac{6-2\sqrt{5}+3\sqrt{5}-5+6+2\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{5}-5}{4}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
1. \(\left(1+\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)=1-a\)
2. a) Với a>b>0 thì
\(Q=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\left(1+\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right):\dfrac{b}{a-\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}.\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}{b}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\dfrac{a^2-\left(a^2-b^2\right)}{b\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\dfrac{b^2}{b\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a-b}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}=\dfrac{a-b}{\sqrt{a-b}.\sqrt{a+b}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}}\)
b) Thay a = 3b ta được
\(Q=\sqrt{\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3b-b}{3b+b}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{4b}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
1) d) ta có : \(VT=\left(1+\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)=1-a=VP\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(1+\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)=1-a\) (đpcm)
DAT P = Q:R \(Q=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-3\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)}+\dfrac{8\sqrt{a}}{\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{3\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{a}+1}+\dfrac{8\sqrt{a}}{\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(R=1-\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}-a+1}{3\sqrt{a}+1}=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}}{3\sqrt{a}+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{3\sqrt{a}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=Q:R=\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\times\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{3}{3\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(P>\dfrac{3}{\left|1-3\sqrt{5}\right|}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{3\sqrt{a}-1}>\dfrac{3}{3\sqrt{5-1}}\)
\(3\sqrt{a}-1< 3\sqrt{5}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\sqrt{a}\le\sqrt{5}\)
\(a=\) 0 ;1 ;2 ;3 ;4
a lớn nhất \(\Rightarrow a\) = 4
a: \(\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)^2=14+6\sqrt{5}\)
\(\left(2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{6}\right)^2=14+4\sqrt{12}\)
mà \(6\sqrt{5}< 4\sqrt{12}\)
nên \(3+\sqrt{5}< 2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{6}\)
c: \(\sqrt{14}-\sqrt{13}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{14}+\sqrt{13}}\)
\(\sqrt{12}-\sqrt{11}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{11}}\)
mà \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{14}+\sqrt{13}}< \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{11}}\)
nên \(\sqrt{14}-\sqrt{13}< \sqrt{12}-\sqrt{11}\)