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a/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4y^2+1-4xy+2x-4y\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)-19=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2=19\)
Do 19 không thể phân tích thành tổng của 2 số chính phương nên pt vô nghiệm
b/
\(\left(4x^2+4y^2+8xy\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)
Do x; y nguyên dương nên \(\left(2x+2y\right)^2>0\Rightarrow VT>0\)
Pt vô nghiệm
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y+25\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
Do x;y;z nguyên dương nên \(\left|x+y+z\right|>0\Rightarrow VT>0\)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
d/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)+\left(x^2+10x+25\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x+5\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2=0\)
Do x;y;z nguyên dương nên vế phái luôn dương
Pt vô nghiệm
mk gợi ý, phần còn lại tự làm
a) \(A=x^2+2x+5=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
b) \(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
d) \(D=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
e) \(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
a) A = x2 + 2x + 5
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 4
= ( x + 1 )2 + 4
Nhận xét :
( x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 1 )2 + 4 > 4
=> A > 4
=> A min = 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x + 1 )2 = 0
=> x + 1 = 0
=> x = - 1
Vậy A min = 4 khi x = - 1
b) B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 4x + 1 + 10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10
Nhận xét :
( 2x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10 > 10
=> B > 10
=> B min = 10
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
=> 2x + 1 = 0
=> x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Bmin = 10 khi x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
c) C = ( x - 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 ) ( x + 6 ) ] [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 ) ( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x ) 2 - 62
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
Nhận xét :
( x2 + 5x )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 > - 36
=> C > - 36
=> C min = - 36
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x2 + 5x )2 = 0
=> x2 + 5x = 0
=> x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy C min = - 36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = - 5
d) D = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4x + 4 ) + 2
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2
Nhận xét :
( x - 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
( y - 2 )2 > 0 với mọi y
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 > 0
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2 > 2
=> D > 2
=> D min = 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 2 khi x = 1 và y = 2
a, \(A_{\left(x\right)}=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+1+2xy+2x+2y\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\) hay \(A_{\left(x\right)}\ge-3\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+1=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minA_{\left(x\right)}=-3\) khi x=-3; y=2
b, \(B_{\left(x\right)}=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\Leftrightarrow B_{\left(x\right)}\ge2\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2y+5\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minB_{\left(x\right)}=2\Leftrightarrow x=-3;y=1\)
c, \(C_{\left(x\right)}=x^2-10xy+26y^2+14x-76y+59\)
\(=\left(x^2+25y^2+49-10xy+14x-70y\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-5y+7\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+1\ge1\Leftrightarrow C_{\left(x\right)}\ge1\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5y+7\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-5y+7=0\\y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minC_{\left(x\right)}=1\Leftrightarrow x=8;y=3\)
d, \(D_{\left(x\right)}=4x^2-4xy+2y^2-20x-4y+174\)
\(=\left(4x^2+y^2+25-4xy-20x+10y\right)+\left(y-14y+49\right)+74\)
\(=\left(2x-y-5\right)^2+\left(y-7\right)^2+74\ge74\Leftrightarrow D_{\left(x\right)}\ge74\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y-5\right)^2=0\\\left(y-7\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y-5=0\\y-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minD_{\left(x\right)}=74\Leftrightarrow x=6;y=7\)
e, \(E_{\left(x\right)}=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minE_{\left(x\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=-2\)
bạn ơi! Sao cái chỗ A(x) =(x+y+1)2+(x-2)2-3 mà chuyển sang lại là -3 v
Bài 1:Tìm x,y biết:
a)\(x^2-6x+y^2+10y+34\)
=>\(\left(x^2-2.x.3+3^2\right)+\left(y^2+2.y.5+5^2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+5\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\y+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+10\left(x-2y\right)+25+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y-5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Đẳng thức khó tìm quá huhu