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a) \(ĐK:a\ne1;a\ne0\)
\(A=\left[\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{3a+\left(a-1\right)^2}-\frac{1-2a^2+4a}{a^3-1}+\frac{1}{a-1}\right]:\frac{a^3+4a}{4a^2}=\left[\frac{a^2-2a+1}{a^2+a+1}-\frac{1-2a^2+4a}{a^3-1}+\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^3-1}\right].\frac{4a^2}{a^3+4a}\)\(=\left[\frac{a^3-3a^2+3a-1}{a^3-1}-\frac{1-2a^2+4a}{a^3-1}+\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^3-1}\right].\frac{4a^2}{a^3+4a}=\frac{a^3-1}{a^3-1}.\frac{4a}{a^2+4}=\frac{4a}{a^2+4}\)
b) Ta có: \(a^2+4\ge4a\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)^2\ge0\)
Khi đó \(\frac{4a}{a^2+4}\le1\)
Vậy MaxA = 1 khi x = 2
\(A=\frac{\left[x\left(x^2-x+1\right)\right]-\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(3-3x\right)\right]+\left[x+4\right]}{x^3+1}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)+3\left(x^2-1\right)+\left(x+4\right)}{x^3+1}=\frac{x^3+2x^2+2x+1}{x^3+1}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(x^3+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)}{x^3+1}=1+\frac{2x}{x^2-x+1}\)
\(A=\frac{x}{x+1}-\frac{3-3x}{x^2-x+1}+\frac{x+4}{x^3+1}\)
\(A=\frac{x}{x+1}-\frac{3-3x}{x^2-x+1}+\frac{x+4}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{x\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(3+3x\right)\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+4\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{x^3-x^2+x-9x-3-3x^2+x+4}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{x^3-x^2-3x^2+x-9x+x+3+4}{x^3+1}\)
\(A=\frac{x^3+2x^2-4x+4}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
Điều kiện : \(a\ne1\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{a}{a^2+1}\right):\left(\frac{1}{a-1}+\frac{2a}{a^2+1-a^3-a}\right)-1\)
\(=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+1}:\left(\frac{-a^2-1}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1-a\right)}+\frac{2a}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1-a\right)}\right)-1\)
\(=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+1}.\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(1+a^2\right)}{\left(a-1\right)^2}-1=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a-1}-1=\frac{a^2+2}{a-1}\)
b) A < 2 \(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+2}{a-1}< 2\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+2\left(a-1\right)+3}{a-1}< 2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1+2+\frac{3}{a-1}< 2\Leftrightarrow a-1+\frac{3}{a-1}< 0\)
Đặt t = a-1 , xét :
Nếu t > 0 thì \(t+\frac{3}{t}< 0\Leftrightarrow t^2+3< 0\) không thỏa mãn vì \(t^2+3>3>0\)
Nếu t < 0 thì \(t+\frac{3}{t}< 0\Leftrightarrow t^2+3>0\) thỏa mãn
Vậy a - 1 < 0 => a < 1 thỏa mãn đề bài
Ta có : \(\frac{a^4-3a^2+1}{a^4-a^2-2a-1}\) \(=\frac{\left(a^4-2a^2+1\right)-a^2}{\left(a^4-a^3-a^2\right)+\left(a^3-a^2-a\right)+\left(a^2-a-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2-1\right)^2-a^2}{a^2\left(a^2-a-1\right)+a\left(a^2-a-1\right)+\left(a^2-a-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2-a-1\right)\left(a^2+a-1\right)}{\left(a^2-a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+a-1}{a^2+a+1}\)
\(\frac{a^4-a^3+a-1}{a^4-a^3+2a^2-a+1}\)
\(=\frac{a^3\left(a-1\right)+\left(a-1\right)}{a^2\left(a^2-a+1\right)+\left(a^2-a+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^3+1\right)}{\left(a^2-a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)}{\left(a^2-a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)}=\frac{a^2-1}{a^2+1}=1-\frac{2}{a^2+1}\)
Vậy : \(\frac{a^4-a^3+a-1}{a^4-a^3+2a^2-a+1}\)\(=1-\frac{2}{a^2+1}\)