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D = ( 2x + 1 )3 - 4( x - 2 )3
= 8x3 + 12x2 + 6x + 1 - 4( x3 - 6x2 + 12x - 8 )
= 8x3 + 12x2 + 6x + 1 - 4x3 + 24x2 - 48x + 32
= 4x3 + 36x2 - 42x + 33
B = 16( x + y )( x - y ) - ( 4x - 3 )2
= 16( x2 - y2 ) - ( 16x2 - 24x + 9 )
= 16x2 - 16y2 - 16x2 + 24x - 9
= -16y2 + 24x - 9
Lời giải:
a) \(\frac{x^2-16}{4x-x^2}=\frac{(x-4)(x+4)}{x(4-x)}=\frac{x+4}{-x}\)
b) \(\frac{5(x-y)-3(y-x)}{10(x-y)}=\frac{5(x-y)+3(x-y)}{10(x-y)}=\frac{8(x-y)}{10(x-y)}=\frac{8}{10}=\frac{4}{5}\)
c)
\(\frac{(x+y)^2-z^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{(x+y-z)(x+y+z)}{x+y+z}=x+y-z\)
d)
Biểu thức không rút gọn được
e)
\(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}=\frac{(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}=\frac{(a+b+c)[(a+b)^2-c(a+b)+c^2]-3ab(a+b)}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}\)
\(=\frac{(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ac-bc+2ab)-3ab(a+b+c)+3abc}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}\)
\(=\frac{(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)+3abc}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}=a+b+c+\frac{3abc}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}\)
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
\(P=\frac{x\left(x+5\right)+y\left(y+5\right)+2\left(xy-3\right)}{x\left(x+6\right)+y\left(y+6\right)+2xy}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+5x+y^2+5y+2xy-6}{x^2+6x+y^2+6y+2xy}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+5\left(x+y\right)-6}{\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+5\right)-6}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+6\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2005\times\left(2005+5\right)-6}{2005\times\left(2005+6\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2005\times2010-6}{2005\times2011}\)
\(=\frac{2004}{2005}\)
a)(x+y)3-3xy(x+y)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
c)\(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2-4ab\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right]\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\right]-4ab\)
\(=\left(a+b-a+b\right)\left(a+b+a-b\right)-4ab\)
\(=2b.2a-4ab\)
\(=4ab-4ab=0\)
Bài làm
a) 2(x + y)3 + 2(x - y)3
= 2[(x + y)3 + (x - y)3]
= 2[x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 + x3 - 3x2y + 3xy2 - y3]
= 2[(x3 + x3) + (3x2y - 3x2y) + (3xy2 + 3xy2) + (y3 - y3)]
= 2[2x3 + 6xy2]
= 4x3 + 12xy2
b)uhm... Mình sửa đề chút, thay vì là -3(x + y)2(x - y) thì mình sẽ thành +3(x + y)2(x - y)
(x - y)3 - (x + y)3 + 3(x + y)2(x - y) - 3(x + y)(x - y)2
= -[(x + y)3 - 3(x + y)2(x - y) + 3(x + y)(x - y)2 - (x - y)3]
= -[(x + y) - (x - y)]3
= -[x + y - x + y ]3
= -[y]3
= -y
Bài 1:
a) -16 +(x-3)2
<=> (x-3)2-16
<=> (x-3)2 -42
<=> (x-3-4)(x-3+4)
<=> (x-7)(x+1)
b) 64+16y+y2
<=> y2 + 2.8.y + 82
<=> (y+8)2
c) \(\dfrac{1}{8}-8x^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-\left(2x\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-2x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+x+4x^2\right)\)
d)\(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}.x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
e) x4 + 4x2 + 4
<=> (x2)2 + 2.2.x2 +22
<=> (x2 + 2)2
g)\(8x^3+60x^2y+150xy^2+125y^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5y\right)^3\)
