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a) \(x^2-x-y^2-y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
b) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
c) \(5x-5y+ax-ay\)
\(=5\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(5+a\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(ax+bx+ay+by\)
\(=x\left(a+b\right)+y\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(xy+1-x-y\)
\(=x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
a) \(x^2-x-y^2+y\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)-y\left(y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
b) \(x^2-2xy-z^2+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
c) \(5x-5y+ax-ay\)
\(=5\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(5+a\right)\)
a) \(A=5\left(x-y\right)+ax-ay=\left(a+5\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
b) \(B=a\left(x+y\right)-4x-4y=\left(x+y\right)\left(a-4\right)\)
c) \(C=xz+yz-5\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(z-5\right)\)
d) \(D=a\left(x-y\right)+bx-by=\left(a+b\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
e) \(E=x\left(x+y\right)-5x-5y=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
f) \(F=x^2-x-y^2-y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
g) \(G=x^2-xy+x-y=x\left(x-y\right)+x-y=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
A = 5(x - y) + ax - ay = 5(x - y) + a(x - y) = (a + 5)(x - y)
B = a(x + y) - 4x - 4y = a(x + y) - 4(x + y) = (a - 4)(x + y)
C = xz + yz - 5(x + y) = z(x + y) - 5(x + y) = (z - 5)(x + y)
D = a(x - y) + bx - by = a(x - y) + b(x - y) = (a + b)(x - y)
E = x(x + y) - 5x - 5y = x(x + y) - 5(x + y) = (x - 5)(x + y)
F = x2 - x - y2 - y = (x2 - y2) - (x + y) = (x2 - xy + xy - y2) - (x + y) = [x(x - y) + y(x - y)] - (x + y) = (x - y)(x + y) - (x + y) = (x + y)(x - y - 1)
G = x2 - xy + x - y = x(x - y) + (x - y) = (x + 1)(x - y)
Bài 1 :
a ) \(x^2-6x-y^2+9=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3+y\right)\left(x-3-y\right)\)
b) \(25-4x^2-4xy-y^2=5^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=5^2-\left(2x+y\right)^2=\left(5+2x+y\right)\left(5-2x-y\right)\)
c) \(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz=\left(x+y\right)^2-z.\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-z\right)\)
d) \(x^2-4xy+4y^2-z^2+4tz-4t^2=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)-\left(z^2-4tz+4t^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2-\left(z-2t\right)^2=\left(x-2y+z-2t\right).\left(x-2y-z+2t\right)\)
BÀi 2 :
a) \(ax^2+cx^2-ay+ay^2-cy+cy^2=\left(ax^2+cx^2\right)-\left(ay+cy\right)+\left(ay^2+cy^2\right)\)
\(=x^2.\left(a+c\right)-y\left(a+c\right)+y^2.\left(a+c\right)=\left(a+c\right).\left(x^2-y+y^2\right)\)
b) \(ax^2+ay^2-bx^2-by^2+b-a=\left(ax^2-bx^2\right)+\left(ay^2-by^2\right)-\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=x^2.\left(a-b\right)+y^2.\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)\)
c) \(ac^2-ad-bc^2+cd+bd-c^3=\left(ac^2-ad\right)+\left(cd+bd\right)-\left(bc^2+c^3\right)\)
\(=-a.\left(d-c^2\right)+d.\left(b+c\right)-c^2.\left(b+c\right)=\left(b+c\right).\left(d-c^2\right)-a\left(d-c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c-a\right)\left(d-c^2\right)\)
BÀi 3 :
a) \(x.\left(x-5\right)-4x+20=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)-4\left(x-5\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-5=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=4\end{cases}}}\)
b) \(x.\left(x+6\right)-7x-42=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x+6\right)-7.\left(x+6\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\left(x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+6=0\\x-7=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-6\\x=7\end{cases}}}\)
c) \(x^3-5x^2+x-5=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2.\left(x-5\right)+\left(x-5\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1=0\\x-5=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=-1\left(KTM\right)\\x=5\end{cases}}}\)
d) \(x^4-2x^3+10x^2-20x=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x^3-2x^2+10x-20\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left[x^2.\left(x-2\right)+10.\left(x-2\right)\right]=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+10=0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-2=0\\x^2+10=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\\x^2=-10\left(KTM\right)\end{cases}}}\)
A = xy + y - 2x - 2
= y( x + 1 ) - 2( x + 1 )
= ( x + 1 )( y - 2 )
B = x2 - 3x + xy - 3y
= x( x - 3 ) + y( x - 3 )
= ( x - 3 )( x + y )
C = 3x2 - 3xy - 5x + 5y
= 3x( x - y ) - 5( x - y )
= ( x - y )( 3x - 5 )
D = xy + 1 + x + y
= y( x + 1 ) + ( x + 1 )
= ( x + 1 )( y + 1 )
E = ax - bx + ab - x2
= ( ax - x2 ) + ( ab - bx )
= x( a - x ) + b( a - x )
= ( a - x )( x + b )
F = x2 + ab + ax + bx
= ( ax + x2 ) + ( ab + bx )
= x( a + x ) + b( a + x )
= ( a + x )( x + b )
G = a3 - a2x - ay + xy
= a2( a - x ) - y( a - x )
= ( a - x )( a2 - y )
Bonus : = ( a - x )[ a2 - ( √y )2 ]
= ( a - x )( a - √y )( a + √y )
H = 2xy + 3z + 6y + xz
= ( 6y + 2xy ) + ( 3z + xz )
= 2y( 3 + x ) + z( 3 + x )
= ( 3 + x )( 2y + z )
A = xy + y - 2x - 2 = y(x + 1) - 2(x + 1) = (y - 2)(x + !1
B = x2 - 3x + xy - 3y = x(x - 3) + y(x - 3) = (x + y)(x - 3)
C = 3x2 - 3xy - 5x + 5y = 3x(x - y) - 5(x - y) = (3x - 5)(x - y)
D = xy + 1 + x + y = xy + x + y + 1 = x(y + 1) + (y + 1) = (x + 1)(y + 1)
E = ax - bx + ab - x2 = ax - x2 + ab - bx = a(a - x) - b(a - x) = (a - b)(a - x)
F = x2 + ab + ax + bx = ab + ax + bx + x2 = a(b + x) + x(b + x) = (a + x)(b + x)
G = a3 - a2x - ay + xy = a2(a - x) - y(a - x) = (a2 - y)(a - x)
H = 2xy + 3z + 6y + xz = 2xy + 6y + 3z + xz = 2y(x + 3) + z(x + 3) = (2y + z)(x + 3)
1) \(x^2-x-y^2-y=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
\(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
2)\(5x-5y+ax-ay=5\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(a+5\right)\)
\(a^3-a^2x-ay+xy=a^2\left(a-x\right)-y\left(a-x\right)=\left(a-x\right)\left(a^2-y\right)\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử :
a) x - y + 5x - 5y
= ( x + 5x ) - ( y + 5y )
= x . ( 1 + 6 ) - y . ( 1 + 6 )
= ( 1 + 6 ) . ( x - y )
\(a,x-y+5x-5y=\left(x-y\right)+5\left(x-y\right)=6\left(x-y\right)\)
c ) x2 +4x+4-y2
<=>(x+2)2-y2
<=>(x+2-y)(x+2+y)
d) \(5x-5y+ax-ay=5\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(5+a\right)\)