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Ta có : x3 - 3x2 - x + 3
= (x3 - 3x2) - (x - 3)
= x2(x - 3) - (x - 3)
= (x - 3)(x2 - 1)
= (x - 3)(x - 1)(x + 1)
1) Ta có : x(x - 2) - x + 2 = 0
=> x(x - 2) - (x - 2) = 0
=> (x - 2)(x - 1) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Bài 3
a) x² + 10x + 25
= x² + 2.x.5 + 5²
= (x + 5)²
b) 8x - 16 - x²
= -(x² - 8x + 16)
= -(x² - 2.x.4 + 4²)
= -(x - 4)²
c) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1
= x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³
= (x + 1)³
d) (x + y)² - 9x²
= (x + y)² - (3x)²
= (x + y - 3x)(x + y + 3x)
= (y - 2x)(4x + y)
e) (x + 5)² - (2x - 1)²
= (x + 5 - 2x + 1)(x + 5 + 2x - 1)
= (6 - x)(3x + 4)
Bài 4
a) x² - 9 = 0
x² = 9
x = 3 hoặc x = -3
b) (x - 4)² - 36 = 0
(x - 4 - 6)(x - 4 + 6) = 0
(x - 10)(x + 2) = 0
x - 10 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
*) x - 10 = 0
x = 10
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Vậy x = -2; x = 10
c) x² - 10x = -25
x² - 10x + 25 = 0
(x - 5)² = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = 5
d) x² + 5x + 6 = 0
x² + 2x + 3x + 6 = 0
(x² + 2x) + (3x + 6) = 0
x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0
x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
*) x + 3 = 0
x = -3
Vậy x = -3; x = -2
11) \(3x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(1-x\right)=\left(3x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
12) \(2\left(2x-1\right)+3\left(1-2x\right)=1-2x\)
13) \(10x\left(x-y\right)-8y\left(y-x\right)=2\left(x-y\right)\left(5x+4y\right)\)
14) \(3x\left(y+2\right)-3\left(y+2\right)=3\left(x-1\right)\left(y+2\right)\)
15) \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)
a) 10x + 15y = 5(2x + 3y)
b) x2 - 2xy - 4 + y2
= (x2 - 2xy + y2) - 4
= (x - y)2 - 22
= (x - y + 2)(x - y - 2)
c) x(x + y) - 3x - 3y
= x(x + y) -3(x + y)
= (x - 3)(x + y)
a, \(10x+15y=5\left(2x+3y\right)\)
b, \(x^2-2xy-4+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-4=\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x-y+2\right)\)
c, \(x\left(x+y\right)-3x-3y=x\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
a,
\(y^2-x^2+10x-25\)
\(=y^2-\left(x^2-10x+25\right)\)
\(=y^2-\left(x-5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y+x-5\right)\left(y-x+5\right)\)
a) \(y^2-x^2+10x-25=y^2-\left(x^2-10x+25\right)=y^2-\left(x^2-2.x.5+5^2\right)\)
\(=y^2-\left(x-5\right)^2=\left(y-x+5\right).\left(y+x-5\right)\)
b) \(\left(3x+1\right)^2=3x+1\Rightarrow\left(3x-1\right)^2-\left(3x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(3x+1-1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(3x+1\right).3x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x+1=0\\3x=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-1}{3}\\x=0\end{cases}}}\)